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Design and the Open Knowledge Movement
http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/saumyaa-naidu-design-and-the-open-knowledge-movement
<b>With the objective of connecting the open knowledge movement with design, the Access to Knowledge team at the Centre for Internet and Society co-organised the Wikigraphists Bootcamp India 2018 with the Wikimedia Foundation during September 28-30, 2018 in New Delhi. The event was held at the School of Design at Ambedkar University Delhi. As part of the bootcamp, a panel discussion was held in order to bring together design practitioners, educators, open knowledge contributors, and design students to explore how design and open knowledge communities can engage with each other. In this post, Saumyaa Naidu shares the learnings from the panel discussion aimed at exploring the potential collaborations between design and the open knowledge movement.</b>
<p> </p>
<h4><a href="#1">Introduction</a></h4>
<h4><a href="#2">Exchange between Design Academics and Open Knowledge</a></h4>
<h4><a href="#3">Potential Means of Engagement with Open Knowledge in Design Practice</a></h4>
<h4><a href="#4">Applications of Open Knowledge in Design Education</a></h4>
<h4><a href="#5">Conclusion</a></h4>
<hr />
<h2 id="1">Introduction</h2>
<p>Design has historically been functioning in a closed paradigm, both with regard to practice and education. The design process, resources, and products are largely proprietary and limit who can access them. On the other hand, increased use of digital technology offers the potential for greater access and knowledge sharing. In this setting, a dialogue on design and openness becomes essential. There is a need to build sensitivity among designers towards <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_knowledge">open knowledge</a> and open access practices. Such an exchange can not only allow for design resources and products to be available in the open domain, but also help designers build an extensive shared knowledge base.</p>
<p>With the objective of connecting the open knowledge movement with design, the Access to Knowledge team at the Centre for Internet and Society co-organised the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikigraphists_Bootcamp_(2018_India)">Wikigraphists Bootcamp India 2018</a> with the <a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation</a> from 28th to 30th September, 2018 in New Delhi. The event was held at the School of Design at Ambedkar University Delhi. As part of the bootcamp, a panel discussion was held in order to bring together design practitioners, educators, open knowledge contributors, and design students to explore how design and open knowledge communities can engage with each other.</p>
<p>The discussion was preceded by an introduction to the open knowledge movement and its potential in creating access and inclusion, by <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Satdeep_Gill">Satdeep Gill</a>. Satdeep is a community outreach coordinator for India at the Wikimedia Foundation. He is also one of the founding members of <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_Wikimedians">Punjabi Wikimedians</a> User Group. Satdeep was the programme leader for the Wikiconference India in 2016. The introduction provided a brief history of copyrights and the beginning of the copyleft movement. It discussed creative commons licensing and the role of Wikipedia in the open knowledge movement.</p>
<p>The panel included <a href="http://www.aud.ac.in/faculty/permanent-faculty/detail/137">Suchitra Balasubrahmanyan</a>, <a href="http://www.matratype.com/">Pooja Saxena</a>, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Shyamal">Shyamal</a>. Suchitra Balasubrahmanyan is the dean at the <a href="http://www.aud.ac.in/academic/schools/sd">School of Design in Ambedkar University Delhi (AUD)</a>. Her research has been on multiple areas such as history of craft and design, and design education in India. Her practice focuses on social communication design. Pooja Saxena is a typeface and graphic designer whose work centres on multi-script design. She has designed an Ol Chiki typeface for Santali language which is available for free and open use. Pooja also teaches typography at several design schools including <a href="https://pearlacademy.com/">Pearl Academy</a>, <a href="http://www.nid.edu/index.html">National Institute of Design</a>, and <a href="http://srishti.ac.in/">Srishti school of Art, Design, and Technology</a>. Shyamal is an independent researcher and an ornithologist. He has been contributing to Wikipedia for over fifteen years now. In addition to his contributions about the biodiversity of birds, he has also created several illustrations relating to the same. The panel was moderated by Saumyaa Naidu, a designer and researcher at the Centre for Internet and Society (CIS).</p>
<p>The discussion was aimed at addressing three primary questions around design and the open knowledge movement; how academic materials in design inform unstructured or open knowledge spaces and in what ways do these unstructured spaces come back into design education?, what are the potential means of engagement with open knowledge in design practice?, and in what ways can it be applied in design education?<br /><br /></p>
<h2 id="2">Exchange between Design Academics and Open Knowledge</h2>
<p>The discussion began with an enquiry into the challenges faced in the design of knowledge production and the knowledge production of design. It was directed at understanding the various ways in which design education and academia interact with open knowledge. Prof. Suchitra responded by saying that it is still early days for such an interaction to take place as the discipline of design itself is very proprietary in its approach. The work created in different areas of design is often guarded. Locating the discussion at the School of Design in AUD, she suggested that the Social Design course, which looks at the social application of design, believes in socially produced knowledge and contributing to it. However, the university is constrained by the academic environment which does not facilitate the open exchange of knowledge. There is a culture of copyright and protection of work in academia, and heavy funding is required for journal subscriptions. There is an imbalanced gatekeeping of knowledge as countries like India, which have weaker currencies, cannot access this knowledge or contribute to it. The social design community, a small community yet, is interested in making this knowledge freely accessible, in community participation, in co-designing, and in challenge the idea of one ‘super-designer’ who gets all the credit.</p>
<p>Open knowledge spaces such as Wikipedia often make their way into classrooms when students use these resources for assignments. It was pointed out by Prof. Suchitra that there is a lack of regard among students for giving due attribution to material taken from such platforms. Social Sciences universities also consider Wikipedia as an unreliable source, and discourage its use. There is a need to build the culture of knowledge sharing, borrowing, and contribution. She believes that this should be initiated at the level of school education, and not just design schools, so it is internalised at an early stage. She also shared an epistemological concern regarding such a cultural shift in design as it is commonly believed that the knowledge designers produce belongs to them and their livelihoods are connected to it. Hence, open knowledge and open source are antithetical to the profession. This means that the profession itself has to be imagined differently. The social design programme, in this regard, is trying to ensure that when students create work based on interactions with a community, also go back and present it to the community. This is to say that the work produced cannot be exclusively owned by the designers.</p>
<p>The open knowledge movement in India is closely tied to accessibility of information in Indian languages. The availability of a design knowledge base in Indian languages was discussed in this context. Prof. Suchitra explained that most design education in India is in English and is borrowed from another cultural and geographical setting. Design is a discipline of making, and making has its own language. In that sense, the act and content of design transcends language. But, it is the pedagogy which is held by language. The act of making, which is ubiquitous, and is done naturally by everybody, gets held back when it comes to the transmission in different languages. There can be sanskritised words for design terminology, but the vocabulary of everyday use should be applied to represent this knowledge. The School of Design is looking for ways in which important and more provocative texts in design can be made available in other Indian languages. When students are exploring a career in design and they want to learn about it, the information about courses, programmes, and universities should also be available in their language.</p>
<p>The students at AUD recently demanded that education at the university be provided in multiple languages. Since AUD is funded by the Delhi state government, the students want the medium of instruction to include languages of the state (Hindi, Urdu, and Punjabi) apart from English. However, in order to accomplish this, the university would require multilingual teachers. At a personal level, Prof. Suchitra feels that the medium of instruction cannot be monolingual, and that it is good to be multilingual. There is also the conflict that it doesn’t do justice to either languages, and there is no neat answer yet. She believes that technology provides some answers in the sense that students can access the material through translations in whichever language they prefer. Being located in Delhi, the university attracts students from all parts of the country, so it needs to be multilingual in different ways. Technology can intervene and provide a layer by which access can be given in the language of one’s choice. She inferred that this is not a question of one or two languages, but of languages everywhere.<br /><br /></p>
<h2 id="3">Potential Means of Engagement with Open Knowledge in Design Practice</h2>
<p>Presently, there is limited participation from design practitioners on open knowledge platforms. From the perspective of a design practitioner and educator, Pooja Saxena explained that apart from Wikipedia, designers use The Noun Project, which offers both free and paid ways to use icons. She mentioned how students also use this platform but it appears that they are not as interested in contributing to it. They are guarded about the work they create but are fine with using someone else’s work that is available for free. Pooja suggested a much needed change in the understanding that open knowledge simply means that it is open for use. It must be seen as a community which one needs to engage with in whichever capacity and give back to. Agreeing with Prof. Suchitra, Pooja also observed that students fail to give fair attribution when any work is available for free. There is a lack of training and communication around attribution among designers. Regarding open source softwares meant for image making and creating illustrations, Pooja said that despite her several attempts of using them, she has always gone back to proprietary softwares. She believes that there are not enough people contributing to making these open source applications better to work with. A middle path she recommended for designers is creating work in formats which can be edited across applications, so that the work created can be built upon in any application, and is not bound by a proprietary software.</p>
<p>As an experienced Wikipedian, Shyamal also stressed upon the idea of finding ways to productively give back to the open knowledge community. He talked about the opportunities that design students have in terms of creating quality images and graphics, and making them available for public use. An example of such an opportunity could be creating clipart or icons that can be used for roadside signages or other such public resources. Another possibility he proposed was publishing rough drafts or discarded work on platforms like Wikipedia, so it can be refined and used by others. It is not well known that aside from the textual part of Wikipedia, there exists a larger environment which includes projects like Wikidata, which is a semantic database, and Wikimedia Commons, which is meant for a variety of media such as images, video, audio, and even 3D models now. This offers a variety of options to designers to make their work available for open use. Another aspect that Shyamal brought attention to in this regard is to make the work available in a way that it can be easily found by others, by effectively using metadata and writing appropriate descriptions.</p>
<p>A relevant example of engagement of design with the open knowledge community was shared by Pooja through her type design project. This included designing a typeface family for the Ol Chiki script, which is used to write in the Santhali language. The project was initiated by Subhashish Panigrahi at CIS in order to set up the Santhali Wikipedia. But, at the time there were no unicode compliant fonts available for Ol Chiki. This was a clear example of how a design intervention in the form of a typeface could lead to knowledge being shared and possibly even created in the future. The project was then funded by the Access to Knowledge programme at CIS. Pooja described the process of designing the typeface. She mentioned that even though the Santhali language is spoken by over 6 million people, Ol Chiki is not a commonly used script. The script itself was invented less than a hundred years ago, which meant that there is little documentation available of the script to look at. The team then engaged with the community to understand how they would like the letters to look like, and whether the letters in the font were correct. This was done through comprehensive feedback forms to test the letters and ask specific questions around their form and placement. The exercise was repeated a number of times to get accurate letters.</p>
<p>Through this process, Pooja made a key observation on perfection. Designers are often trained to share or show their work only when they think it is perfect. But, in the case of the typeface, it was impossible to achieve something even close to being finished without showing it and seeking help from the community. The project also led to inspiring a design student from the National Institute of Design, who belongs to the Santhal community, to create letters in Ol Chiki script as part of the <a href="http://www.36daysoftype.com/">‘36 days of type’</a> challenge on Instagram. The typeface thus, can contribute towards such projects as well. Pooja concluded that the typeface being available for free can also lead to students making a version of it that serves their purpose better.</p>
<p>Further on open typefaces for Indian languages, Shyamal spoke about the several issues regarding the use of Indian languages, specific to Wikipedia and in general as well. He correlated the lack of academic disciplines in Indian languages with the lack of vocabulary of technical terms. Several people also oppose borrowing words from other languages. In an example of needing to translate the labels of an illustration of a four-stroke engine into an Indian language, the engineer would not know the terms in that language, and the language expert will not know enough about engineering. Shyamal suggested transliterating English words as a first step, so that somebody who doesn’t know English can understand what the word sounds like. Another technical concern is the use of open source fonts of Indian languages for better compatibility on Wikimedia Commons. The platform replaces proprietary fonts with equivalent open source ones during the process of uploading. This changes the typesetting in the illustration in terms of spacing between the letters and sentences, and the resulting design can end up looking different from the intended one. Hence, it is important to include identification and use of open source fonts as part of the learning process in design.</p>
<p>Shyamal further talked about the need to create more awareness about copyright. He explained that the fact that anything we create is automatically copyrighted is not really understood by most people. People posting images on Facebook and Instagram would allow others to use their work when asked, but would hesitate to give a written permission. It would be useful to license out the work. This lack of copyright awareness hinders the creation of a vast visual database on Wikimedia Commons. There is little visual information available online about objects, monuments, maps, places, etc. in India. The advantage of using systems like Wikipedia is that you can geotag places, you can semantically describe them so that people who speak other languages can find that content. The value of availability of such content online for an outsider is not well understood yet. As a practice, when learning something new, Shyamal himself tries to add it on Wikipedia or on related projects, so that it can be of use to anyone else looking for it as well.</p>
<p>On encouraging designers to contribute to open knowledge, Pooja advised that designers can contribute through side projects or self-initiated projects as they are not looking to make any money from them to begin with, and would be able to share the work for free. These side projects can take the form of resources or tools that other people can use to build something else. She also pointed out that it is not necessary that designers cannot get paid to do open work, and shared the example of the Ol Chiki typeface, which was paid for by a patron. There are also organisations that commission projects which are supposed to be available for free use because those organisations need that product to be available for free. Google fonts for example, commissions the typefaces to designers which are eventually available as free and open fonts. It is important for designers to be aware that such opportunities exist, and that they need to be sought.<br /><br /></p>
<h2 id="4">Applications of Open Knowledge in Design Education</h2>
<p>The discussion led to several suggestions on involving design students in the open knowledge movement. Pooja recommended that students can be encouraged to make their assignments available on Wikimedia Commons. Design students are often expected to work on projects that address problems that exist in the real world. In most cases, these projects remain with the students and not get implemented in the real world. If such projects were available on open platforms like Wikimedia Commons, they can be taken forward by others who are tackling the same concerns. It is also something that design students would benefit from because their work will be publicly available.</p>
<p>In order to address the disregard for attributions pointed out earlier, Prof. Suchitra stressed upon the need to build a culture among design students to attribute fairly. This would allow for acceptable acknowledgement to someone who has produced work and contributed it to the open domain. She added that this is being initiated in other design spaces such as the Decolonise Design group, which some design faculties are a part of. The group looks at ways of finding different cultural anchors for design. One such project is where design faculties have gotten together to share design assignments, in order to see what kind of assignments we set in the classroom for teaching various kinds of concepts in design. The faculties are trying to form an international platform where teaching methods can be shared and a bank of design assignments can be created. These methods and assignments are otherwise considered proprietary.</p>
<p>Prof. Suchitra also talked about the onus on public funded educational institutions to make their work available on open platforms, at least in projects which have a larger use. The Industrial Design Centre (IDC), Powai already has a portal on which design related educational material is available for anyone who is interested. They offer an online course in design which anyone can register for and attend. It is only for the certification at the end of the course, that one needs to pay to take an exam. Design courses otherwise tend to be quite expensive. She mentioned that the School of Design at AUD has been contemplating sharing the thesis work that students produce on <a href="https://www.academia.edu/">Academia</a>, a platform for academics to share research papers, where it can be downloaded for free. This allows for the work to be viewed by people outside the school, which is a significant step for young designers. Design as a profession fundamentally does not allow sharing, and this certainly needs to change. She gave the example of textiles, where the traditional artworks and motifs are picked up from different sources and placed on fabrics. Such reuse borders on unethical practice. Therefore, we need to identify the boundaries of open source. The ethical aspects of it need to be opened up and discussed, otherwise it can lead to asymmetrical knowledge practices. The attribution or acknowledgement that the work individually or culturally belongs to somebody, needs to be recognised.</p>
<p>On the learning by doing approach in design education, Pooja raised the concern that there is a lack of attention towards ‘learning by reading’. Design related reading materials are not available on open platforms and in different languages. She suggested that even if the readings are available in English, it is also useful for them to be available in a vocabulary that is more acceptable for someone for whom it is not their first language. Further, the ‘doing’ is also framed by a certain perspective, and often that perspective is quite closed. It does not take into account where the students is coming from. For example, a branding assignment for a product for new mothers does not consider how eighteen year old students would understand the product without any interaction with the users. It doesn’t ask why does it have to be branding to begin with. It also limits the objective to ‘selling something’ while there are other ways in which design can intervene. In the assignments where students engage with a community, there is often a clear asymmetry between the students and the people they are designing for. There is a vast gap in the knowledge and experience shared by the two. Consequently, students are forced to either assert themselves in this community or misrepresent themselves. This also takes away from students wanting to share their work on open platforms. Pooja recommended that they would be more willing to put the work out in the open when they are working with their own community because they can then see how it affects people in a much more direct way.<br /><br /></p>
<h2 id="5">Conclusion</h2>
<p>The discussion brought forward various intersections in design and open knowledge, and the possible ways in which the two can lend to each other. Broader interventions such as a cultural shift in design around sharing work and discussing its ethical aspects, availability of academic material in design on open platforms and in different Indian languages, sensitivity around fair attribution and copyrights among designers, and designers seeking out or self initiating projects that contribute to the open domain were discussed. In terms of specific steps, ideas including design practitioners creating works in formats which are editable on open applications, adding more visual content on platforms like Wikimedia Commons, creating and using more open typefaces in Indian languages, and students sharing their assignments on open platforms were considered. Other ways of engagement with design education could be through internships and workshops that demonstrate the need for open knowledge systems.</p>
<p>During the interaction with the audience, another key concern was brought up by Govind Sivan, a student at the School of Design at AUD. He spoke about the prevalent approach in design schools of giving primary importance to originality. Students work towards thinking of unique ideas and any similarity between their own and a classmate’s assignment is seen as a failure of creativity. Such an approach goes on to curb shared knowledge and collaborative working, and needs to be changed in order to make way for openness in design. Prof. Suchitra also advised that there is more value to design in thinking of it as a collaborative project.</p>
<p>Design is also gradually opening up its process to include the people being designed for through open research methods such as co-design and participatory design. All aspects of a design process such as need identification, data gathering, and the end product can be <a href="https://www.designsociety.org/publication/34842/Three+layers+of+openness+in+design%3A+Examining+the+open+paradigm+in+design+research">conceptualised</a> for openness. These directions can be explored by both designers and the open knowledge community for the creation of a greater and more accessible knowledge base.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/saumyaa-naidu-design-and-the-open-knowledge-movement'>http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/saumyaa-naidu-design-and-the-open-knowledge-movement</a>
</p>
No publishersaumyaaAccess to KnowledgeFeaturedDesignOpennessEducationHomepage2019-04-01T12:13:00ZBlog EntryMarch 2019 Newsletter
http://editors.cis-india.org/about/newsletters/march-2019-newsletter
<b>The Centre for Internet & Society (CIS) newsletter for the month of March 2019.</b>
<h3><span>Highlights for March 2019</span></h3>
<ul>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><span>The Indian Patent Office (IPO) on 1 March 2019, published a draft of the “Manual of Patent Office Practice and Procedure, Version 3.0”. CIS </span><a href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/comments-and-suggestions-to-the-draft-patent-manual-march-2019">provided comments</a><span> on patenting of computer related inventions.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><span>The Centre for Internet and Society's Access to Knowledge (CIS-A2K) team has </span><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:APG/Proposals/2018-2019_round_2/The_Centre_for_Internet_and_Society/Proposal_form">submitted its proposal for the year 2019-2020</a><span> to the Wikimedia Foundation. CIS-A2K has proposed to undertake content enrichment, skill development initiatives, cement partnership with existing partners and build relationships with new ones, and activities like Train-the-Trainer, Wikisource Conference, Wikimedia Summit India, Intensive Personal Wiki Training, supporting Indic Wikimedians through request page, etc.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><span>Tarun Bharat Sangh (TBS), an organisation working on rejuvenation of rivers in India, has began documentation of rivers on Wiki, especially to draw attention to and mitigate the crisis of toxic deposits facing more than 40 rivers in India. The work was started by Jal Biradari, TBS’s Maharashtra based group, in Sangli district with the help of the Access to Knowledge (CIS-A2K) team of CIS. </span><a href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/subodh-kulkarni-rejuvenating-indias-rivers-the-wiki-way">A report from the first pilot workshop</a><span> conducted by CIS-A2K during 22-25 December 2018 at Tarun Bharat Sangh Ashram, in Alwar, Rajasthan has been published.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><span>With the objective of connecting the open knowledge movement with design, the Access to Knowledge team at the Centre for Internet and Society co-organised the Wikigraphists Bootcamp India 2018 with the Wikimedia Foundation during September 28-30, 2018 in New Delhi. Saumyaa Naidu </span><a href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/saumyaa-naidu-design-and-the-open-knowledge-movement">in a report has shared the learnings</a><span>from the panel discussion aimed at exploring the potential collaborations between design and the open knowledge movement.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: justify; ">Karan Saini, Pranesh Prakash and Elonnai Hickok co-authored a policy brief titled <a href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/improving-the-processes-for-disclosing-security-vulnerabilities-to-government-entities-in-india">Improving the Processes for Disclosing Security Vulnerabilities to Government Entities in India</a><span>. The policy brief has recommended changes pertaining to current legislation, policy and practice to the Government of India regarding external vulnerability reporting and disclosure.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><span>Arindrajit Basu, Elonnai Hickok and Aditya Singh Chawla co-authored a White Paper titled 'The Localisation Gambit'. The paper was edited by Pranav M.B., Vipul Kharbanda and Amber Sinha. Anjanaa Aravindan provided research assistance. Government of India has drafted multiple policy instruments which dictate that certain types of data must be stored in servers located physically within the territory of India. The </span><a href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/the-localisation-gambit-unpacking-policy-moves-for-the-sovereign-control-of-data-in-india">White Paper serves as a resource for stakeholders</a><span> attempting to intervene in this debate and arrive at a workable solution where the objectives of data localisation are met through measures that have the least negative impact on India’s economic, political, and legal interests.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><span>The Technology Law Forum at the National Academy of Legal Studies and Research (NALSAR) has published the Report on Data Privacy and Citizen's Rights' Symposium.This report is a compilation of all the speakers' speeches during the panel discussion. Shweta Mohandas was one of the eight speakers at the panel and the excerpts from her presentation has also been covered </span><a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3356776">in this report</a><span>.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><span>CIS in its r@w blog featured an essay titled</span><a href="https://medium.com/rawblog/users-and-the-internet-bcd763ac474"> 'Users and the Internet'</a><span> by Purbasha Auddy, part of a series on </span><a href="https://cis-india.org/raw/call-for-essays-studying-internet-in-india">Studying Internet in India (2015)</a><span>; and audio recording of a session titled </span><a href="https://medium.com/rawblog/selfiesfromthefield-61e18a7154ba">#SelfiesFromtheField </a><span>which was part of the </span><a href="https://cis-india.org/raw/irc17">Internet Researchers Conference, 2017.</a></li>
</ul>
<ul>
</ul>
<h3>Jobs</h3>
<p>CIS is hiring:</p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/cis-a2k-finance-officer-call-for-application">CIS-A2K Finance Officer: Call for application</a> (Only women candidates).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/jobs/internship">Internship</a><span> - applications accepted throughout the year.</span></li>
</ul>
<h3></h3>
<h3>CIS and the News</h3>
<p>The following news pieces were authored by CIS and published on its website in January:</p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/telecom/blog/business-standard-shyam-ponappa-march-7-2019-recapturing-the-commons">Recapturing the Commons</a> (Shyam Ponappa; Business Standard; March 7, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/raw/nishant-shah-march-10-2019-indian-express-digital-native-how-an-information-overload-affects-what-you-forward">Digital Native: How an information overload affects what you forward</a> (Nishant Shah; Indian Express; March 10, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/raw/nishant-shah-indian-express-march-24-2019-digital-native-lessons-from-facebook-instagram-and-whatsapp-going-down">Digital Native: Lessons from Facebook, Instagram and Whatsapp going down</a><span> (Nishant Shah; Indian Express; March 24, 2019).</span></li>
</ul>
<div></div>
<ul>
</ul>
<h3><br />CIS in the News</h3>
<p>CIS was quoted in these news articles published elsewhere:</p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/economic-times-rahul-sachitanand-march-3-2019-why-entrepreneurs-are-wary-of-new-draft-e-commerce-policy">Why entrepreneurs are wary of the new draft e-commerce policy</a> (Rahul Sachitanand; Economic Times; March 3, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/internet/website-not-found-pop-ups-leave-net-activists-fuming/articleshow/68279112.cms">'Website not found' pop-ups leave net activists fuming</a> (Tushar Kaushik; Economic Times; March 6, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/more-urban-indian-women-are-acting-against-offensive-calls-and-text-messages">More urban Indian women are acting against offensive calls and text messages</a> (Aria Thaker; Quartz India; March 8, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/aria-thaker-quartz-india-march-12-2019-twitter-unlike-facebook-barely-carries-political-ads-in-india">Unlike Facebook, Twitter is a ghost town for political ads in India so far</a> (Aria Thaker; Quartz India; March 12, 2019).</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/handelsblatt-frederic-spohr-march-13-2019-wahlkampf-beeinflussung-wie-die-chinesische-mega-app-tiktok-indiens-wahlkampf-beeinflussen-koennte">Wie die chinesische Mega-App TikTok Indiens Wahlkampf beeinflussen könnte</a> (Handelsblatt; March 13, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/hindu-kv-aditya-bharadwaj-march-15-2019-when-laugh-lines-turn-worry-lines">When laugh lines turn worry lines</a> (K.V. Aditya Bharadwaj; Hindu; March 15, 2019).</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/medianama-march-18-2019-zaheer-merchant-proposed-intermediary-liability-rules-threat-privacy-and-free-speech">Proposed Intermediary Liability Rules threat to privacy and free speech, global coalition tells MeitY</a> (Zaheer Merchant; Medianama; March 18, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/times-of-india-march-31-2019-ketaki-desai-now-police-use-apps-to-catch-a-criminal">Now, police use apps to catch a criminal</a> (Ketaki Desai with inputs from Sanjeev Verma; Times of India; March 31, 2019).</li>
</ul>
<div></div>
<ul>
</ul>
<div></div>
<h2><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k">Access to Knowledge</a></h2>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Our Access to Knowledge programme currently consists of two projects. The Pervasive Technologies project, conducted under a grant from the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), aims to conduct research on the complex interplay between low-cost pervasive technologies and intellectual property, in order to encourage the proliferation and development of such technologies as a social good. The Wikipedia project, which is under a grant from the Wikimedia Foundation, is for the growth of Indic language communities and projects by designing community collaborations and partnerships that recruit and cultivate new editors and explore innovative approaches to building projects.</p>
<h3 style="text-align: justify; ">Copyright and Patent</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><span>Access to Knowledge is a campaign to promote the fundamental principles of justice, freedom, and economic development. It deals with issues like copyrights, patents and trademarks, which are an important part of the digital landscape. We prepared the India report for the Consumers International IP Watchlist, made submission to the HRD Ministry on WIPO Broadcast Treaty, questioned the demonisation of pirates, and advocated against laws (such as PUPFIP Bill) that privatize public funded knowledge.</span></p>
<p><strong>Submission</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/comments-and-suggestions-to-the-draft-patent-manual-march-2019">Comments and Suggestions to the Draft Patent Manual March 2019</a> (Achal Prabhala, Feroz Ali, Ramya Sheshadri, Roshan John and Anubha Sinha; March 21, 2019).</li>
</ul>
<h3 style="text-align: justify; ">Wikipdedia</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">As part of the <a href="http://cis-india.org/a2k/access-to-knowledge-program-plan">project grant from the Wikimedia Foundation</a> we have reached out to more than 3500 people across India by organizing more than 100 outreach events and catalysed the release of encyclopaedic and other content under the Creative Commons (CC-BY-3.0) license in four Indian languages (21 books in Telugu, 13 in Odia, 4 volumes of encyclopaedia in Konkani and 6 volumes in Kannada, and 1 book on Odia language history in English).</p>
<p><strong>Blog Entries</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/train-the-trainer-program-2018">Train the Trainer program 2018</a> (Sailesh Patnaik; March 6, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/the-city-of-bhubaneswar-is-going-open">The city of Bhubaneswar is going Open</a> (Sailesh Patnaik; March 7, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/subodh-kulkarni-rejuvenating-indias-rivers-the-wiki-way">Rejuvenating India’s Rivers the Wiki Way</a> (Subodh Kulkarni; March 7, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/c95ca8ccdca8ca1-cb5cbfc95cbfcaaca1cbfcaf-cb6cbfc95ccdcb7ca3-cafc9cca8cc6-cb8caecbecb5cb6-caeca4ccdca4cc1-ca4cb0cacca4cbfcaf-cb5cb0ca6cbf">ಕನ್ನಡ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ಯೋಜನೆ ಸಮಾವೇಶ ಮತ್ತು ತರಬೇತಿಯ ವರದಿ</a> (Ananth Subray; March 7, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/saumyaa-naidu-design-and-the-open-knowledge-movement">Design and the Open Knowledge Movement</a> (Saumyaa Naidu; March 31, 2019).</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Event Organized</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/events/wikimedia-summit-india-2019">Wikimedia Summit India 2019</a> (Organized by CIS-A2K; New Delhi; March 16 - 17, 2019). CIS-A2K team organized a two-day Wikimedia Summit event for the participants taking part in the Wikimedia Summit in Berlin.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Openness</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Our work in the Openness programme focuses on open data, especially open government data, open access, open education resources, open knowledge in Indic languages, open media, and open technologies and standards - hardware and software. We approach openness as a cross-cutting principle for knowledge production and distribution, and not as a thing-in-itself.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><strong>Event Organized</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/openness/events/talks-by-richard-abisla-and-kaliya-young">Talks by Richard Abisla and Kaliya Young</a> (Organized by CIS; Bangalore; March 4, 2019).</li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance">Internet Governance</a></h2>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">As part of its research on privacy and free speech, CIS is engaged with two different projects. The first one (under a grant from Privacy International and IDRC) is on surveillance and freedom of expression (SAFEGUARDS). The second one (under a grant from MacArthur Foundation) is on restrictions that the Indian government has placed on freedom of expression online.</p>
<h3 style="text-align: justify; ">Cyber Security</h3>
<p><strong>Research Paper</strong></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/improving-the-processes-for-disclosing-security-vulnerabilities-to-government-entities-in-india">Improving the Processes for Disclosing Security Vulnerabilities to Government Entities in India</a> (Karan Saini, Pranesh Prakash and Elonnai Hickok; March 20, 2019). <span>This is an update to our previously released paper titled "Leveraging the Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure Process to Improve the State of Information Security in India". The full document can be accessed </span><a href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/resources/Improving%20the%20Processes%20for%20Disclosing%20Security%20Vulnerabilities%20to%20Government%20Entities%20in%20India.pdf">here</a><span>.</span></li>
</ul>
<div>
<ul>
</ul>
<h3>Privacy</h3>
<p><strong>Research Paper</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/the-localisation-gambit-unpacking-policy-moves-for-the-sovereign-control-of-data-in-india">The Localisation Gambit: Unpacking policy moves for the sovereign control of data in India</a> (Arindrajit Basu, Elonnai Hickok and Aditya Singh Chawla; March 19, 2019).</li>
</ul>
<div><strong>Participation in Events</strong></div>
<div>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/nullcon-security-conference">Nullcon Security Conference</a> (Organized by Nullcon; March 1 - 2, 2019; Goa). Karan Saini attended the event.</li>
<li><span><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/seminar-on-201cevolution-of-communication-social-media-beyond201d">Seminar on “Evolution of communication: Social Media & Beyond”</a> (Organized by TRAI; Hotel Radisson Blu GRT, Near Airport, Chennaii; March 15, 2019).</span></li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/dsci-infosys-roundtable">DSCI-Infosys Roundtable</a> (Organized by Infosys; Bangalore; March 25, 2019). Sunil Abraham was a speaker.</li>
</ul>
<strong> </strong></div>
<ul>
</ul>
<h3>Free Speech and Expression</h3>
<p><strong>Event</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/events/internet-speech-perspectives-on-regulation-and-policy">Internet Speech: Perspectives on Regulation and Policy</a> (Organized by CIS; India Habitat Centre; New Delhi; April 5, 2019).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><strong>Participation in Event</strong></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/just-net-coalition-workshop-on-equity-and-social-justice-in-a-digital-world">Just Net Coalition Workshop on Equity and Social Justice in a Digital World</a> (Organized by Just Net Coalition Workshop on Equity and Social Justice in a Digital World and its partners; Bangkok; March 25 - 27, 2019). Anubha Sinha participated in the event.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Artificial Intelligence, ICT and IoT</h3>
<p><strong>Participation in Events</strong></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/rfcs-we-love-transport-apps-edition">RFCs We Love: Transport & Apps Edition</a> (Organized by India Internet Engineering Society; March 2, 2019; Go-Jek; Domlur, Bangalore). Gurshabad Grover was a speaker at this event.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/consultation-on-draft-e-commerce-policy">Consultation on Draft E-commerce Policy</a> (Organized by Alternative Law Forum and IT for Change; March 14, 2019; Tony Hall, Ashirwad , Off St.Marks Road; Bangalore). Arindrajit Basu attended the event.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/international-conference-on-justice-education-legal-implications-of-artificial-intelligence">International Conference on Justice Education:Legal Implications of Artificial Intelligence</a> (Organized by Nirma University; Ahmedabad; March 15 - 16, 2019). Arindrajit Basu attended the conference. </li>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/facebook-ai-for-india-summit">AI for India Summit</a> (Organized by Facebook; Leela Palace, Bengaluru; March 26, 2019). Shweta Mohandas participated in the event.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; "><a class="external-link" href="http://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/roundtable-on-consumer-experiences-with-new-technologies-in-apac-singapore">Roundtable on Consumer Experiences with New Technologies in APAC (Singapore)</a> (Organized by Consumers International; Google, Singapore; March 26, 2019). Arindrajit Basu participated in the event.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
</ul>
<div></div>
<h2><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/raw">Researchers at Work (RAW)</a></h2>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The Researchers at Work (RAW) programme is an interdisciplinary research initiative driven by an emerging need to understand the reconfigurations of social practices and structures through the Internet and digital media technologies, and vice versa. It aims to produce local and contextual accounts of interactions, negotiations, and resolutions between the Internet, and socio-material and geo-political processes:</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><strong>Blog Entries</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://medium.com/rawblog/collectionandidentity-5a970b35f842">#CollectionAndIdentity </a>(Ravi Shukla, Rajiv K. Mishra, and Mrutyunjay Mishra; March 2, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://medium.com/rawblog/the-many-lives-and-sites-of-internet-in-bhubaneswar-11b4ba2a72e4">The Many Lives and Sites of Internet in Bhubaneswar</a> (Sailen Routray; March 2, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://medium.com/rawblog/effective-activism-the-internet-social-media-and-hierarchical-activism-in-new-delhi-894a47cdcdc3">Effective Activism: The Internet, Social Media, and Hierarchical Activism in New Delhi </a>(Sarah McKeever; March 12, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://medium.com/rawblog/campuscampaigns-user-perceptions-in-pre-digital-and-digital-eras-8bb2ffac4ac1">#CampusCampaigns: User Perceptions in Pre-digital and Digital Eras </a>(Arjun Ghosh; March 12, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://medium.com/rawblog/taking-open-science-offline-ec08ae7e0fae">Taking Open Science Offline</a> (Shreyashi Ray; March 21, 2019).<br />
<div></div>
</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Participation in Event</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/raw/presentation-at-global-digital-humanities-symposium">Presentation at Global Digital Humanities Symposium</a> (Organized by Michigan State University; March 21 - 22, 2019). P.P. Sneha gave a virtual presentation of her work on digital cultural archives.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
</ul>
<hr />
<h2><a class="external-link" href="http://cis-india.org/">About CIS</a></h2>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The Centre for Internet and Society (CIS) is a non-profit organisation that undertakes interdisciplinary research on internet and digital technologies from policy and academic perspectives. The areas of focus include digital accessibility for persons with disabilities, access to knowledge, intellectual property rights, openness (including open data, free and open source software, open standards, open access, open educational resources, and open video), internet governance, telecommunication reform, digital privacy, and cyber-security. The academic research at CIS seeks to understand the reconfigurations of social and cultural processes and structures as mediated through the internet and digital media technologies.</p>
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<div>Please help us defend consumer and citizen rights on the Internet! Write a cheque in favour of 'The Centre for Internet and Society' and mail it to us at No. 194, 2nd 'C' Cross, Domlur, 2nd Stage, Bengaluru - 5600 71.</div>
<p>► Request for Collaboration</p>
<div>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">We invite researchers, practitioners, artists, and theoreticians, both organisationally and as individuals, to engage with us on topics related internet and society, and improve our collective understanding of this field. To discuss such possibilities, please write to Sunil Abraham, Executive Director, at sunil@cis-india.org (for policy research), or Sumandro Chattapadhyay, Research Director, at sumandro@cis-india.org (for academic research), with an indication of the form and the content of the collaboration you might be interested in. To discuss collaborations on Indic language Wikipedia projects, write to Tanveer Hasan, Programme Officer, at <a>tanveer@cis-india.org</a>.</p>
<div style="text-align: justify; "><i>CIS is grateful to its primary donor the Kusuma Trust founded by Anurag Dikshit and Soma Pujari, philanthropists of Indian origin for its core funding and support for most of its projects. CIS is also grateful to its other donors, Wikimedia Foundation, Ford Foundation, Privacy International, UK, Hans Foundation, MacArthur Foundation, and IDRC for funding its various projects</i>.</div>
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For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/about/newsletters/march-2019-newsletter'>http://editors.cis-india.org/about/newsletters/march-2019-newsletter</a>
</p>
No publisherpraskrishnaResearchers at WorkInternet GovernanceAccess to Knowledge2019-07-18T02:14:11ZPageComments and Suggestions to the Draft Patent Manual March 2019
http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/comments-and-suggestions-to-the-draft-patent-manual-march-2019
<b>A coordinated civil society response to the consultation on the Patent Manual. CIS provided comments on patenting of computer related inventions. </b>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><span>On behalf of the accessibsa project (</span><a href="http://www.accessibsa.org/"><span>www.accessibsa.org</span></a><span>), the </span><span>Médecins Sans Frontières Access Campaign (</span><a href="https://msfaccess.org/"><span>https://msfaccess.org/</span></a><span>) and the Centre for Internet and Society (</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Achal/Downloads/www.cis-india.org">www.cis-india.org</a><span>) , as well as numerous endorsing organisations and individuals across Indian Civil Society, we are pleased to present our comments, feedback and suggestions on the </span><span>draft Manual of Patent Office Practice and Procedure, Version 3, published on 1 March 2019, to which your office invited comment from all stakeholders.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The Indian Patent Office (IPO) on 1 March 2019, published a draft of the “Manual of Patent Office Practice and Procedure, Version 3.0” (hereafter, the “Manual”). This draft extends upon the previous Manual, Version 01.11, dated 22 March 2011, which is currently the Manual in force.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">At the outset, we should note that the current draft Manual does not differ substantially from the version in force. Aside from a few updations (for instance, noting the Indian Supreme Court decision in the Novartis case of 2013, as regarding Section 3(d) of Indian patent law), the current Manual under consideration is similar in most aspects to the Manual in force. However, given that several provisions in the current Manual in force were insufficient to implement Indian patent law as it was intended even in 2011, as well as the fact that there have been numerous developments in law, scholarship and practice since the time the Manual was last updated in 2011, we urge the IPO to take this opportunity to reflect upon the developments in patent law and practice, as well as the extensive scholarship now available to us.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Preamble</span>: Indian patent law was substantially amended in 2005, and we began the process of implementing this law a few years later. Today, in 2019, we have data and evidence from almost 14 years of practice, and we suggest that the IPO fully incorporate all learnings available to us, to bring the full force of Indian patent</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">law into effect, as originally intended. The Manual of the Patent Office has the potential to be a comprehensive handbook on implementing patent law for all stakeholders including patent agents, applicants and the courts. The current version, in the manner proposed, is not. Our suggestions, if adopted in entirety, would make this so: furthermore, our suggestions provide a much-needed opportunity to correct course, by understanding and correcting the failures of the system to implement the original and far-sighted provisions in the Indian patent law amendment of 2005.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Overarching themes</span>: Several of our suggestions for the current Manual under consideration are systemic, and, as such, require broad and serious attention to completely overhaul.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><b>Structure</b>: The Manual under consideration is badly composed and incomplete. Tabular columns are an inappropriate format for a patent manual. Furthermore and separately, the IPO makes use of several instances of “Guidelines” when examining patents. The IPO currently consults, among others, Guidelines for pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and computer related inventions. These guidelines are randomly categorized, badly deployed, hard to locate and amended haphazardly, without notice or any attention. There is no excuse for the IPO Guidelines to not form a part of the Patent Office Manual, thus giving them stability, and subjecting them to a transparent and participative process, like the rest of the Manual. Lastly, the Guidelines should evolve to covering the examination of Biologics as a distinct category, as we should with other frontier technology, such as Artificial Intelligence and Synthetic Biology.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><b>Coherence</b>: We have three inter-locking layers in the patent system in India: the patents act, the patent rules and the patent manual (which should incorporate the patent examination guidelines). The IPO is currently soliciting suggestions for the draft Patent Office Manual, while it has an ongoing amendment to the Patents (Amendment) Rules, 2018. We expect the final Rules to be published shortly; however, we are also being asked to provide suggestions on the Manual, without any knowledge of what the IPO’s final version of the Rules will look like. (For instance, the Patent Rules have suggested a procedural change in how pre-grant patent oppositions will be conducted in India; however, since the Rules are not final, it is unclear how they integrate with the Manual, and how we can comment on the process, since the status of the Patent Rules remains unclear). Furthermore, the Manual makes no reference to the Rules. As such, the IPO should decide and publish a final version of the Rules, and only then solicit feedback on the Manual (which it could do in the current time by extending the date of feedback on the Manual). Regardless, the IPO must achieve coherence and cohesion between its many layers, including the patents act, the patent rules, and the patent manual. This coherence, if achieved, would allow the Manual to serve as a handbook for all stakeholders involved in the patent system, including serving as a basis for open-book exams for patent agents.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><b>Updation</b>: Patent law and practice are fast evolving fields. The IPO necessarily needs to keep up with the pace of technology, as well as evolving interpretations of existing patent law provisions. For instance, the Indian Supreme judgment in the Novartis case was announced in 2013; however, it has taken over 6 years for this important judgment to formally reflect in the work of the Patent Office Manual, despite being Indian law for these 6 years. The IPO, therefore, needs to update the Manual and the examination guidelines, frequently – at least as frequently as major events in technology and the law require.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><b>Transparency & Accountability</b>: In the current time, stakeholders in the Indian patent system, be they multinational corporations or ordinary members of Indian society, are faced with considerable challenges when attempting to view patent information. Despite the IPO having made information</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">available online for some years, the information on Indian patents is needlessly limited, often inaccurate, often incomplete, and frequently unavailable. On occasion, this is due to insufficient disclosure on the part of the applicant, but overwhelmingly, it is because the IPO is not well organized and insufficiently invested in transparency or accountability. For instance, mandating pharmaceutical patent applicants to provide an INN (International non-proprietary name) on all applications where the information is available, would invaluably assist in extending the transparency and utility of the IPO’s functioning with the Indian public. Patent information in India is the right of every Indian citizen to have, and we have made several suggestions by which the IPO can move towards complying with our constitutional right to information.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Specific themes:</span> Drawing from law, scholarship and practice over the last 14 years of Indian patent law, we strongly urge the IPO to consider these very specific suggestions on having their work comply with the spirit and letter of Indian patent law.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><b>Focus on Biologics:</b> Biologics are a relatively new category of therapy that have quickly become the world’s most expensive medicines emerging as critical therapies in areas like cancer. 7 out of 10 of the world’s best-selling medicines are biologics, and they will play only an increasingly important part in public health in India. Therefore, identifying, understanding and examining patent applications on biologics is of crucial importance to Indian citizens. The IPO would benefit from identifying biologics as a critical category; providing them their distinct field of invention; as well as developing guidelines and practices for evaluating biologics, along with other frontier technology that emerges.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><b>Expedited examination:</b> Since 2016, expedited examination of patents has been the law. More recently, there are reports that the IPO is considering PPH partnerships with some rich country economies such as Japan. This is unwise, especially since even in the extended examination currently underway, the IPO has faced several challenges. We strongly suggest that the IPO needs to evidence the ability to manage the ordinary processes in place with accuracy and compliance with Indian law, before attempting to expedite the said processes, especially since the non-functioning of the patents side of the Intellectual Property Appellate Board (IPAB) has meant that India has not had a corrective mechanism for any incorrect grants that may have been made at the IPO since May 2016.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><b>Check exceptions to patentability first:</b> The law, as has evolved in the Novartis Case in the Supreme Court, and the Roche vs Cipla case before the Delhi High Court, clearly points towards applying all exceptions to patentability under Sections 3 & 4 of the Indian Patents Act, first, before applying the test of patentability under Section 2 (1)(j). Such a procedure would make the work of the IPO more efficient, as well as fair.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><b>Making anti-evergreening provisions work:</b> The Manual currently does not capture the guidelines explicitly laid out in the Indian Supreme Court’s judgment in the Novartis case. Specific principles relating to how to apply Section 3(d) were laid out in the judgment which have no reflection in the Manual. Like with Section 3(d), applicants also routinely circumvent other anti-evergreening provisions in Indian law, such as Section 3(e) and 3(i). Sometimes, these provisions are circumvented alone; other times, when combined, applicants take advantage of the confusion and adduce evidence on one ground, and then use that as a basis to circumvent the other grounds. To apply anti-evergreening provisions in Indian patent law efficiently and fairly, we suggest an anti-</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">evergreening checklist that will facilitate this process, and which we recommend be an official part of the examiner’s report, both within the process and as a reported output.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><b>Computer related inventions:</b> The Manual currently does not adequately regulate Computer Related Inventions (CRIs). We suggest the introduction of a 3-step test to comprehensively regulate the patentability of mathematical methods, business methods, computer programmes and algorithms as laid down in the Indian Patents Act. Furthermore, we suggest ways in which the law can be applied more carefully within the Manual to detect camouflaging of claims, with an intent to confuse the IPO and Indian patent examiners, especially when conjoined to computer technology, by noting that (1) mathematical methods may sometimes be claimed as “technological development”, (2) that business methods must be evaluated as such, regardless of their application through computers, computer programmes, computer networks or other programmable apparatus, and that (3) that the scope of algorithms needs to be extended to any invention where the function claimed to be performed can only be carried out by means of a computer programme.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Finally, while the nature of our comments and suggestions are deep and extensive, we are aware that we have also asked for the system to be evaluated in full, rather than in parts. As such, the Indian Patent ecosystem is large and complex, and the IPO has been engaged with setting the Patent Rules (under finalization), the Patent Office Manual (the subject of our commentary in this communication) as well as the Examining Guidelines (which we recommend move from being arbitrarily categorized and extended to becoming a formal part of the Patent Office Manual).</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">In order to comprehensively react to changes to the Indian Patent ecosystem, we require the opportunity to comment comprehensively on a range of inter-linked proposals.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">In this spirit, we hope you will allow us – as civil society – to react, once more, to the Patent Rules (as connected to the Patent Office Manual) as well as each of the Examining Guidelines (old and new, i.e. including those intended such as for biologics), in the interests of fairness and transparency. We look forward to assisting you at every step of this process.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Thank you for your time. We trust that, as civil society researchers, activists and academics, who have devoted a considerable number of years towards the research of intellectual property, and the protection of public interests and human rights in India, our submission will be considered seriously and acted upon. We remain, of course, at your disposal, should you or your office have any questions – which we will gladly answer.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Sincerely,</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Achal Prabhala, Feroz Ali, Ramya Sheshadri, Roshan John and Anubha Sinha</p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/comments-and-suggestions-to-the-draft-patent-manual-march-2019'>http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/comments-and-suggestions-to-the-draft-patent-manual-march-2019</a>
</p>
No publisherAchal Prabhala, Feroz Ali, Ramya Sheshadri, Roshan John and Anubha SinhaPatentsAccess to Knowledge2019-04-05T02:15:07ZBlog EntryRejuvenating India’s Rivers the Wiki Way
http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/subodh-kulkarni-rejuvenating-indias-rivers-the-wiki-way
<b>Tarun Bharat Sangh (TBS), an organisation working on rejuvenation of rivers in India, has began documentation of rivers on Wiki, especially to draw attention to and mitigate the crisis of toxic deposits facing more than 40 rivers in India. The work was started by Jal Biradari, TBS’s Maharashtra based group, in Sangli district with the help of the Access to Knowledge (CIS-A2K) team of CIS. Here is the report from the first pilot workshop conducted by CIS-A2K during 22-25 December 2018 at Tarun Bharat Sangh Ashram, in Alwar, Rajasthan.</b>
<p> </p>
<h4>Events details on Wikimedia <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CIS-A2K/Events/Workshop_of_river_activists_at_Tarun_Bharat_Sangh,_Bhikampura,_Rajasthan">meta page</a></h4>
<hr />
<h2>The Workshop</h2>
<p>As per a <a href="http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/file/status_trace_toxic_materials_indian_rivers.pdf">Government of India report</a> 42 rivers in India are polluted with toxic heavy metal deposits in them. To mitigate this crisis Tarun Bharat Sangh (TBS), an organization working on rejuvenation of rivers in India began documentation of rivers on Wiki. The work was started by TBS’s Maharashtra based group Jal Biradari in Sangli district with the help of the Access to Knowledge team of CIS (CIS-A2K).</p>
<p>Realizing the potential of the project TBS decided to integrate this as training module in their capacity building workshops conducted at Bhikampura in Rajasthan. The first pilot workshop was conducted by CIS-A2K during 22-25 December 2018 at Tarun Bharat Sangh Ashram, Bhikampura, Alwar in Rajasthan for 34 participants from eight states of India. Dr. Rajendra Singh, Maulik Sisodiya and Subodh Kulkarni, CIS-A2K were the facilitators. The objectives behind organizing the workshop was to build an open knowledge resource on water related issues in all Indian languages, document the river basins of India, train volunteers working in the sector to work in Wikimedia projects, open street mapping exercises and photo walks along the river and post free content on Commons and Wikisource projects.</p>
<p>The documentation structure for river basin was decided through participatory process. The participants were divided into 6 groups for working on 6 river basins of Arvari district. The resource material available with TBS in the form of maps, reports, training booklets was used to prepare the schematic maps of each river basin. The water bodies such as ponds, manmade structures like dams were also listed.</p>
<table class="invisible">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th><img src="http://editors.cis-india.org/home-images/WorkshopofRiverActivities.jpg/@@images/e336ea4b-9b8b-4b22-a647-79950225f98e.jpeg" alt="null" class="image-inline" title="Workshop on River Activities" /></th>
<th><img src="http://editors.cis-india.org/home-images/WorkshopofWaterActivities.jpg/@@images/d96a9ca9-4520-4d09-9eb4-f215492c8839.jpeg" alt="null" class="image-inline" title="Workshop on Water Activities" /></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"><em>Activists during the workshop conducted by TBS in Alwar, Rajasthan in December 2018</em><br /><br /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>After this pre-work, the training on Wikipedia editing started. The participants worked in sandboxes first on their articles. The manual of style, giving offline and online references and categorisation were discussed and practiced on sandboxes. The Commons session started with elaborate discussion on copyrights, licenses and encyclopedic content. The images were uploaded on Commons and used in the articles. The articles in the sandboxes were presented by each working group. Taking into consideration various suggestions, appropriate modifications were done. The finished new articles and the additional content into existing articles were then moved in the main namespace of respective language Wikipedia. TBS has decided to re-license 30 books and training material on river in CC-BY-SA. Participants who attended the workshop have started contributing in various languages.<br /><br /></p>
<h2>Participants' Feedback</h2>
<blockquote style="text-align: justify;" class="quoted">“Rivers are essential for existence of life in land. Keeping its sanctity and health is very important. The Wikimedia workshop gave an insight on river pollution issues and the importance of reviving them. As Wikipedia is an open platform it can create a larger impact by reaching out to the society.” - <a title="en:Username:Mrityunjay1010" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Username:Mrityunjay1010">Mrityunjay1010</a></blockquote>
<blockquote style="text-align: justify;" class="quoted">“The wiki-workshop on "Rivers on Wiki" has been my maiden experience in the context of generalizing the knowledge for common good. The workshop gave me a lens to see the usage of Wikipedia in regional languages as a medium for environmental consciousness building as well as conservation. Wikipedia as a means for social audit was also another enriching experience in that workshop.” - <a title="en:Username:Simantabharati" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Username:Simantabharati">Simantabharati</a></blockquote>
<p> </p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/subodh-kulkarni-rejuvenating-indias-rivers-the-wiki-way'>http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/subodh-kulkarni-rejuvenating-indias-rivers-the-wiki-way</a>
</p>
No publishersubodhCIS-A2KAccess to KnowledgeWikimediaWikipediaFeaturedHomepage2019-04-01T13:18:33ZBlog EntryThe city of Bhubaneswar is going Open
http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/the-city-of-bhubaneswar-is-going-open
<b>Bhubaneswar supporting the concept of Openness movement has joined as one of the ambassadors of the movement in the world by giving citizens the right to access the content online produced by the government and make use of the work.</b>
<p dir="ltr"> </p>
<p dir="ltr">The Openness movement is a concept or philosophy that is characterized by an emphasis on transparency, free and unrestricted access to knowledge and information. The movement across the world is trying to build on the interest of like-minded people and an urgent need of bringing new resources of knowledge for the benefit of people with a method of collaborative or cooperative management. Many successful projects such as OpenStreetMap, Github, Wikimedia projects are free, open for everyone and evolve both by contributions and review efforts by participant volunteers. Open Knowledge Projects across the world are embarking upon a silent revolution to change the way information and knowledge are consumed by people.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Bhubaneswar supporting the concept of Openness movement has joined as one of the ambassadors of the movement in the world by giving citizens the right to access the content online produced by the government and make use of the work. As the city turned 70-year-old as the capital of Odisha in April 2018, Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik launched two websites — Bhubaneswar.me and Smart City Bhubaneswar under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/">Creative Commons license</a>. The websites were made to provide visitor or tourist information about the city and to showcase various projects being undertaken as a part of the Smart City mission.</p>
<p dir="ltr"> </p>
<p style="text-align: center;" dir="ltr"><img src="http://editors.cis-india.org/Access_Bhubaneswar.jpg/image_preview" alt="Wide image Mukteswar temple" class="image-inline image-inline" title="Wide image Mukteswar temple" /></p>
<p><strong><br /></strong></p>
<p dir="ltr">A <a class="external-link" href="https://twitter.com/BDA_BBSR/status/984444486905249792">visual walk-through video</a> was released for the visit.Bhubaneswar.me and Smart City website over social media sites for the public to understand the features of the websites which ended saying “Knowledge now made more accessible”, anyone can use the content and data of the website under the campaign for Transparency in Governance. These websites have adopted Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license also known as CC-BY-4.0, which allows the citizens of Bhubaneswar to use the work of the government. Creative Commons licenses are a set of open licenses that are used worldwide to enable widen use and reuse of creative work that is otherwise restricted by the strict copyright laws. Currently, the majority of government websites under the Bhubaneswar administration are under an Open license.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Transparency is considered the traditional hallmark of an open government, meaning that the public should have access to government-held information and be informed of government proceedings, says an article from <a class="external-link" href="https://opensource.com/resources/open-government">Opensource.com</a>. Transparency, accountability, and participation are one of the needed conditions for the government to ensure that public resources are used efficiently, public policies are designed in the best interest of the population.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Though most of the government websites can be accessed online, the content of those sites are not open by default, the government has to adopt a specific license to open their content. In September 2017, Odisha became <a class="external-link" href="https://blog.wikimedia.org/2017/09/18/odisha-social-media-free-license/">the first state</a> in India to release all of its social media contents under a free license such as Creative Commons license, initially eight social media accounts of the state government were part of the project and followed by few other departments under the state government releasing their content under the same license. Because of this initiative by the government, currently, ten or more websites and eight social media accounts are allowing people from all around the world to freely reuse the state government’s work.</p>
<p dir="ltr">As the content of the websites is under a free license it creates an impact on a project like Wikipedia-one of the most popular websites in the world and the largest online encyclopedia available on the internet, committed to free and open copyright licenses from its earliest days on the internet. Currently, a near about files from the websites and social media accounts of the Government of Odisha are added into Wikimedia Commons, Wikipedia’s sister site and an open multimedia repository, under a content donation program of which 70% of files are used in different Wikipedia articles, all of which together has received over 25 million page views in last 18 months.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Cities opening their data and content for the citizens encourages individuals for new innovation and to form new ideas that help to bridge the gap in the city. A <a class="external-link" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/techonomy/2014/09/12/how-open-data-is-transforming-city-life/#661b56054104">report from Forbes</a> in 2012 says Open city data can help app developers, urban planners, and others understand a city’s problems and manage city services in ways that improve the quality of life and business prospects for its residents. When Bhubaneswar led the way of promoting the Openness movement in India, there is a huge scope for the rest of the cities to adopt open licensing to make knowledge more accessible for the citizens and enhance public trust in government. </p>
<p><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/the-city-of-bhubaneswar-is-going-open'>http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/the-city-of-bhubaneswar-is-going-open</a>
</p>
No publishersaileshOpen AccessAccess to Knowledge2019-03-07T11:41:16ZBlog EntryCIS-A2K Finance Officer: Call for application
http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/cis-a2k-finance-officer-call-for-application
<b>The Access to Knowledge team of the Centre for Internet and Society is seeking applications for the position of Finance Officer, to support its Access to Knowledge (CIS-A2K) Programme. The job application is open to women only. </b>
<p id="docs-internal-guid-2cbaa201-7fff-704f-ac81-80804592d3da" style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr">The Centre for Internet & Society (CIS) is seeking applications from prospective candidates who identify themselves as female, for the position of Finance Officer, to support its Access to Knowledge (CIS-A2K) Programme. The job application is open to women only because we feel that a woman Finance Officer will contribute more towards bridging the gender gap in the Wikimedia movement and also it will bring a gender balance in the team. The position is full time and will be based in CIS’ Bangalore office No. 194, 2nd ‘C’ Cross, Domlur, 2nd Stage, Bengaluru, 560071. Finance Officer will work closely with the CIS-A2K Team and would report to the Executive Director/any supervisor in Team.</p>
<h2 id="docs-internal-guid-e71dfde4-7fff-b4ae-5d8b-85f123ca4ea8" dir="ltr">Position Summary</h2>
<p style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr">As a Finance Officer, your job will be to support the A2K Programme and the community members in financial related aspects such as filing the reimbursements, maintaining the books of accounts etc.</p>
<h2 id="docs-internal-guid-f0265c8d-7fff-5636-302f-5c7e206305cc" dir="ltr">Characteristics of the Programme Officer</h2>
<ul><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr">High level of commitment: The Finance Officer should believe in the values of CIS and Wikimedia projects, exude enthusiasm for the mission and can powerfully embody and communicate the mission.</p>
</li><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr">Intellectual curiosity and flexibility: Must enjoy tackling difficult, ambiguous problems and able to incorporate new knowledge into how one approaches situations and generates solutions, loves learning from others while expanding intellectual horizons.</p>
</li><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr">Open and transparent: Have a high level of integrity and be comfortable working in a highly transparent fashion.</p>
</li><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr">Strong cultural competency: Able to navigate in a global movement and on a global team in addition to navigating the complexity of India.</p>
</li><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr">Willing to travel: The Finance Officer must regularly travel within India during the events to help the community members to file the reimbursements.</p>
</li></ul>
<h2 id="docs-internal-guid-9e1e5026-7fff-267a-9c8e-2bd46f93b0b1" dir="ltr">Responsibilities</h2>
<ul><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p dir="ltr">You will be responsible for the overall finance-related aspects of Team that include maintaining the books of accounts, filing the reimbursements.</p>
</li><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr">Assistance in book-keeping to include monthly expenditure, financial statements, accounts receivable, accounts payable, disbursement journal, trial balance, tax reports, etc. </p>
</li><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr">Work in preparation of budgets, proposals, objectives, audits, annual reports.</p>
</li></ul>
<h2>Requirements</h2>
<div>
<ul id="docs-internal-guid-2177d2b9-7fff-ab6a-d94a-1bc4a8df90e1"><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p dir="ltr">Prior experience of working in a collaborative community, preferably an open movement.</p>
</li><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p dir="ltr">Must be fluent in English and at least in one Indian language.</p>
</li><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p dir="ltr">Minimum of 1-year experience in clerical/bookkeeping/accounting field.</p>
</li><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p dir="ltr">Ability and flexibility to deal with pressure and deadlines.</p>
</li><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p dir="ltr">Good knowledge of formulas in excel sheets.</p>
</li><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p dir="ltr">Basic knowledge of Tally software.</p>
</li></ul>
<div>
<ul id="docs-internal-guid-0616a20f-7fff-2950-6bc8-2da136c70ba3"><li style="list-style-type: disc;" dir="ltr">
<p dir="ltr">Wikimedians will be given priority.</p>
</li></ul>
<br />
<p style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr">Location: The position is based out of the CIS’s Bangalore office.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr">Remuneration: Compensation structure will be determined by the level of expertise, experience and current remuneration.</p>
</div>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr">Contract period</h2>
<div>
<p style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr">Initial contract will be till 30 June 2019, following the current work-plan of the A2K team</p>
</div>
<h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Apply</strong></h2>
<div>
<p dir="ltr">To apply, please send your resume and cover letter to Tito Dutta (tito+fo@cis-india.org) (please do not miss the +fo part in the email address). The last date of application is 18 March 2019.</p>
</div>
</div>
<p style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr"> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify;" dir="ltr"> </p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/cis-a2k-finance-officer-call-for-application'>http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/cis-a2k-finance-officer-call-for-application</a>
</p>
No publishertitoJobsAccess to Knowledge2019-03-07T08:46:29ZBlog Entryಕನ್ನಡ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ಯೋಜನೆ ಸಮಾವೇಶ ಮತ್ತು ತರಬೇತಿಯ ವರದಿ
http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/c95ca8ccdca8ca1-cb5cbfc95cbfcaaca1cbfcaf-cb6cbfc95ccdcb7ca3-cafc9cca8cc6-cb8caecbecb5cb6-caeca4ccdca4cc1-ca4cb0cacca4cbfcaf-cb5cb0ca6cbf
<b>ಕನ್ನಡ ಭಾಷೆಯು ದಿನದಿಂದ ದಿನಕ್ಕೆ ಬಳಕೆಯಿಲ್ಲದೇ ಕುಂದುತ್ತಿದೆ. ಗ್ರಾಮೀಣ ಭಾಗದ ಕನ್ನಡ ಮಾಧ್ಯಮದ ಮಕ್ಕಳಿಗೆ ಸರಿಯಾದ ಕನ್ನಡ ಆಕರಗಳು ಸಿಗುತ್ತಿಲ್ಲ. ಇಂತಹ ಸಂದರ್ಭದಲ್ಲಿ, ಕನ್ನಡವನ್ನು ಉಳಿಸಿ ಬೆಳೆಸುವುದು ಪ್ರತಿಯೊಬ್ಬ ಕನ್ನಡಿಗನ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯ. ಇದನ್ನೆಲ್ಲ ಗಮನದಲ್ಲಿಟ್ಟುಕೊಂಡು, ಸಂತ ಅಲೋಶಿಯಸ್ ಕಾಲೇಜಿನ ಆಶ್ರಯದಲ್ಲಿ ದಿನಾಂಕ ೦೯ ಹಾಗೂ ೧೦ ನೇ ಫೆಬ್ರುವರಿ, ೨೦೧೯ ರಂದು ಕನ್ನಡ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ಯೋಜನೆ ಸಮಾವೇಶ ಮತ್ತು ತರಬೇತಿಯನ್ನು ನಡೆಸಲಾಯಿತು.
</b>
<p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify; ">ಕನ್ನಡ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣವನ್ನು ತಮ್ಮಸಂಸ್ಥೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಪ್ರಾರಂಭಿಸಬೇಕೆನ್ನುತ್ತಿರುವ ಪ್ರಾಧ್ಯಾಪಕರು ಹಾಗೂ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿಗಳಿಗೆ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯಾದ ಪರಿಚಯ ಮಾಡಿಕೊಡುವುದು ಹಾಗೂ ತರಬೇತಿ ನೀಡುವುದು ಈ ಸಮಾವೇಶದ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಉದ್ದೇಶವಾಗಿತ್ತು. ಮೊದಲ ದಿನ ಕನ್ನಡ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣವನ್ನು ಪ್ರಾರಂಭಿಸಿರುವ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಗಳಿಂದ ಒಬ್ಬ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿ ಮತ್ತು ಒಬ್ಬ ಪ್ರಾಧ್ಯಾಪಕರನ್ನು ಆಹ್ವಾನಿಸಿ, ಅವರಿಂದ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯಾದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಪರಿಚಯಿಸಿಕೊಡಲಾಯಿತು. ವಿಶ್ವಕನ್ನಡ ಪತ್ರಿಕೆಯ ಸಂಪಾದಕರಾದ ಡಾ. ಪವನಜ ಅವರು ಸವಿಸ್ತಾರವಾಗಿ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯಾದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ತಿಳುವಳಿಕೆ ನೀಡಿದರು.</p>
<p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify; ">ಕ್ರೈಸ್ಟ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾಲಯದಿಂದ ಮಹಾದೇವಪ್ಪ ಹೆಚ್. ಹಾಗೂ ಧನ್ಯ ಭಾರದ್ವಾಜ್ ಎಂಬ ಇಬ್ಬರು ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿಗಳು ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಿ, ಕರ್ನಾಟಕವಲ್ಲದೇ ಅಂತರಾಷ್ಟೀಯ ಮಟ್ಟದಲ್ಲಿ ಹೆಸರುವಾಸಿಯಾಗಿರುವ ಕ್ರೈಸ್ಟ್ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾಲಯದ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ಯೋಜನೆಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಅಚ್ಚುಕಟ್ಟಾದ ಪರಿಚಯ ಮಾಡಿಕೊಟ್ಟರು. ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾಲಯದ ವಿ.ಶಿ.ಯೋಜನೆಯ ಪ್ರಾರಂಭದಿಂದ ಇಲ್ಲಿಯವರೆಗಿನ ಬೆಳೆದುಕೊಂಡು ಬಂದ ರೀತಿಯೊಂದಿಗೆ ಎಲ್ಲ ಅಂಕಿ-ಅಂಶಗಳನ್ನು ಮಹಾದೇವಪ್ಪ ಮಂಡಿಸಿದರೆ, ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿಗಳ ನಿಲುವುಗಳನ್ನು ಧನ್ಯ ವಿವರಿಸಿದರು.</p>
<p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify; ">ಇದರೊಂದಿಗೆ, ಉಜಿರೆಯ ಎಸ್.ಡಿ.ಎಮ್ ಹಾಗೂ ಮೂಡಿಬಿದಿರೆಯ ಆಳ್ವಾಸ್ ಸಂಸ್ಥೆಯವರು ಕೂಡ ತಮ್ಮ ವಿ.ಶಿ. ಯೋಜನೆಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ವಿವರಿಸಿದರು. ಹೀಗೆ ಎಲ್ಲ ಬಗೆಯ ಮಾಹಿತಿಗಳನ್ನು ಒದಗಿಸುವ ಮೂಲಕ ಮೊದಲ ದಿನದ ಸಮಾವೇಶ ಮುಕ್ತಾಯಗೊಂಡಿತು.</p>
<p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify; ">ಎರಡನೇಯ ದಿನ, ಪವನಜರ ಮುಂದಾಳತ್ವದಲ್ಲಿ ಎಲ್ಲ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಥಿ ಹಾಗೂ ಪ್ರಾಧ್ಯಾಪಕರುಗಳಿಗೆ ಆನ್ಲೈನ್ ತರಬೇತಿಯನ್ನು ನೀಡುವ ಮೂಲಕ ವಿವಿಧ ಕಾಲೇಜುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ವಿ.ಶಿ.ಯೋಜನೆ ಪ್ರಾರಂಭಿಸಲು ಸಹಕಾರ ನೀಡಲಾಯಿತು. ಎರಡು ದಿನಗಳ ಕಾಲ, ಹಾಜರಿದ್ದ ಎಲ್ಲರಿಗೂ ಉತ್ತಮವಾದ ವಸತಿ ಹಾಗೂ ಊಟದ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಯನ್ನು ಮಾಡಲಾಗಿತ್ತು. ಕೊನೆಗೆ, ಸ್ವಾಗತದಷ್ಟೇ ಆದರದಿಂದ ಎಲ್ಲರನ್ನು ಬೀಳ್ಕೊಡಲಾಯಿತು.</p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/c95ca8ccdca8ca1-cb5cbfc95cbfcaaca1cbfcaf-cb6cbfc95ccdcb7ca3-cafc9cca8cc6-cb8caecbecb5cb6-caeca4ccdca4cc1-ca4cb0cacca4cbfcaf-cb5cb0ca6cbf'>http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/c95ca8ccdca8ca1-cb5cbfc95cbfcaaca1cbfcaf-cb6cbfc95ccdcb7ca3-cafc9cca8cc6-cb8caecbecb5cb6-caeca4ccdca4cc1-ca4cb0cacca4cbfcaf-cb5cb0ca6cbf</a>
</p>
No publisherAnanthWikimediaCIS-A2KWikipediaAccess to Knowledge2019-03-07T02:35:05ZBlog EntryTrain the Trainer program 2018
http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/train-the-trainer-program-2018
<b>Trainer the Trainer program is an annual three days residential program organised by the Access to Knowledge Program of Centre for Internet and Society. The program identifies the community leaders and brings Wikimedians from and around the SAARC countries to train them and provide mentorship in their work.</b>
<p dir="ltr"> </p>
<p dir="ltr"><a class="external-link" href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CIS-A2K/Events/Train_the_Trainer_Program/2018">Train the Trainer 2018</a> was the 5th iteration of the <a class="external-link" href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CIS-A2K/Events/Train_the_Trainer_Program">Train the Trainer</a> Program by the CIS-A2K. This year TTT was organised in the city of Mysore. The event was attended by 21 Wikimedians throughout the Indic language communities, including three foreign delegates from Bangladesh and Nepal. Like previous years, this year, TTT followed the pre-event session with ice breaker activities, which helped the Wikimedians to know each other, and interact with the fellow participants.</p>
<p dir="ltr">The day one of TTT 2018 began with a small round of formal introductions for participants who joined later, the idea of the introduction session was for the participants to share their area expertise and projects they are working on. We have always identified that during the free time participants interact with each other and talk about collaboration activities, so this session helps to know more about your fellow participants. We had a Master Class (Master Class 1) about the Pre and Post event best practices, for the participants to understand how to plan an an event and what should be the preworks before organising an event, we also had sessions on best practices for community members to write and review grant proposals and an introductory session on Wikidata.</p>
<p dir="ltr">The day two was a field trip (Master Class 2) to <a class="external-link" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mysore_Zoo">Sri Chamarajendra Zoological Gardens</a>, a local zoo in Mysore. The intent of the field trip was to give exposure to the participants to learn in an open environment. Followed by the field trip, a session on Diversity initiatives was conducted to understand the challenges and opportunities of having a diverse community.</p>
<p dir="ltr">On the day three, the participants were introduced to a variety of Wikimedia events (Master Class 3) and a panel discussion by Wikimedia affiliates from India (WMF, Chapter, User-group and CIS-A2K) about the organisational structure and responsibilities. The aim of the panel was to help the participants to understand the structure of Wikimedia affiliates in Inda, to share the different kind of events and collaborations they can do with the affiliates. This year CIS-A2K introduced <strong>Revolving cafe </strong>for the participants to attend some parallel sessions related to Wikisource, Wikimedia Commons, Institutional Partnership, Support and Safety. The day was concluded with a lightning talk on Social media best practices, how affiliates and community member should use social media channels to promote their work. Subsequently, there was feedback and summing up session.</p>
<p dir="ltr">This year CIS-A2K made a few changes to the Train the Trainer program, for the first time the event was held out of Bangalore. We had invited a longtime Punjabi Wikimedian, a previous alumnus of TTT to externally audit the TTT 2018 being part of the team. Dr Manavpreet Kaur has provided a 10 points suggestion/feedback to the team which will be addressed in TTT 2019.</p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/train-the-trainer-program-2018'>http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/train-the-trainer-program-2018</a>
</p>
No publishersaileshTrain-the-trainer (TTT)Access to Knowledge2019-03-06T08:13:05ZBlog EntryWikimedia Summit India 2019
http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/events/wikimedia-summit-india-2019
<b>CIS-A2K team is organizing a two-day Wikimedia Summit event for the participants taking part in the Wikimedia Summit in Berlin.</b>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><b>Wikimedia Summit India 2019</b> is an national-level event which intends to prepare representatives of various user groups, affliates, committees, groups, and teams associated to Wikimedia foundation from India who are going to attend in Wikimedia Summit 2019 and helping them understand about Movement Strategy process.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The Wikimedia Summit 2019 (WMSummit 19) will be designed along the needs and status of the Movement Strategy Process and its Working Groups, as well as the participants’ input. The 2019 event will be an important milestone of the Movement Strategy Process.</p>
<p>Wikimedia Summit India 2019 will serve following goals:</p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align: justify; ">Helping participants understand Ongoing phase in movement strategy process: Some of the participants are participating in Movement strategy process' ongoing phase in different capacities, while others might not have a good understanding about it. This conference aims to improve understanding about strategy process especially regarding 9 strategy Working groups and their scoping.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; ">Preparation for WMSummit 19: The Summit will be an occasion where the affiliates’ and WMF’s leadership will come together to check in on the broader direction of the Strategy Process, with the opportunity to reinforce their co-ownership in this process. All Working Groups will have reached the point in their work where they prepare to draft and discuss first recommendations within their thematic area. From Indian Wikimedia movement's perspective, this offers them an opportunity to share their experience in different thematic areas of strategy process and help the broader movement strategy to have different perspectives. Also, this helps Indian Wikimedia movement to utilize experiences and learnings from different areas of Wikimedia movement and utilize them to grow the movement in India exponantially. Wikimedia Summit India 2019 also aims on gathering the collective and diverse experiences and learnings of Indian Wikimedia movement and understand where they can help in movement strategy process.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Schedule</h3>
<dl><dt>Friday - 15 March 2019</dt></dl>
<ul>
<li>6:30 PM to 8 PM: Introductions</li>
</ul>
<dl><dt>Saturday - 16 March 2019</dt></dl>
<ul>
<li>9:30 AM to 10 AM: Introduction to WMSummit India 2019</li>
<li>10 AM to 11:30 AM: Strategy Process: Necessity, Strategic direction 2030, Timeline</li>
<li>11:30 AM to 1 PM: Reinforcing co-ownership in Strategy process: How communities and affliates can be part of process</li>
<li>1 PM to 1:30 PM: Lunch</li>
<li>1:30 PM to 2:30 PM: Potential Impact of Strategy process</li>
<li>2:30 PM to 5 PM: Introducing various working groups: Working group representatives will be requested to explain over video calls</li>
</ul>
<dl><dt>Sunday - 17 March 2019</dt></dl>
<ul>
<li>10 AM to 10:20 AM: Working group scoping documents' introduction</li>
<li>10:20 AM to 12 PM: Various community learnings and to what working group's scope they matter: Group activity</li>
<li>12 PM to 1 PM:</li>
<li>1 PM to 1:30 PM: Lunch</li>
<li>1:30 to 2:30: Way forward: Consulting their community and framing agenda before WMSummit 2019</li>
</ul>
<ul>
</ul>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/events/wikimedia-summit-india-2019'>http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/events/wikimedia-summit-india-2019</a>
</p>
No publisherAdminWikimediaWikipediaEventAccess to Knowledge2019-03-03T05:31:35ZEventFebruary 2019 Newsletter
http://editors.cis-india.org/about/newsletters/february-2019-newsletter
<b>Our newsletter for February month below.</b>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The CIS <span class="highlightedSearchTerm">newsletter</span> aims to highlight developments in copyright and patent, free speech and expression, privacy, cyber security, telecom, etc. as well as Industry 4.0, big data, additive manufacturing and so on which are revolutionizing and moving the digital world forward. Through this <span class="highlightedSearchTerm">newsletter</span> we look to engage you with our research and build a strong bond by bringing you insightful articles and blog posts which will be beneficial for you and your business. Throughout the year we will send you stories and insights from our board, staff and community leaders. We welcome your feedback, suggestions or comments regarding our <span class="highlightedSearchTerm">newsletter</span> or any other aspect of our research.</p>
<hr />
<h3 style="text-align: justify; ">Highlights for February 2019</h3>
<ul>
<li style="text-align: justify; ">Maharashtra is a state which is rich in diversity in terms of language and culture seen in its various regions such as Konkan, Marathwada, Western Maharashtra, Northern Maharashtra and Vidarbha. Awareness needs to be created to make Wikimedia movement inclusive and diverse in these geographical regions as well as in their social strata. Keeping this in view CIS-A2K <a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/marathi-language-fortnight-workshops-2019">conducted five workshops</a> in different parts of the state.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; ">Marathi language department of Goa University <a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/marathi-wikipedia-workshop-1lib1ref-session-at-goa-university">has initiated the process to document the culture of Goa on Marathi Wikipedia and Commons</a>. Subodh Kulkarni reports this in a blog entry.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; ">Khetrimayum Monish Singh and Rajiv K. Mishra <a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/raw/media-infrastructures-digital-practices-north-east-of-india-presentation">co-authored a research paper</a> which was presented at the Young Scholars International Conference on “Margins and Connections,” organised by the Special Centre for the Study of North East India, Jawaharlal Nehru University, on February 7-8, 2019.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; ">Following consultations with data protection, civil society, industry and others, during the Cybercrime Convention Committee (T-CY) meeting from 29 November 2018 onwards, the Cybercrime Convention Committee had sought additional contributions regarding the provisional draft text for a Second Additional Protocol to the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime (“Budapest Convention”). Vipul Kharbanda <a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/vipul-kharbanda-february-25-2019-comments-on-draft-second-protocol-to-convention-on-cybercrime-budapest-convention">submitted comments on behalf of CIS</a>.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; ">CIS <a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/cis-submission-to-the-un-special-rapporteur-on-freedom-of-speech-and-expression-surveillance-industry-and-human-rights">responded to the call for submissions</a> from the UN Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Speech and Expression. The submission was on the Surveillance Industry and Human Rights. </li>
<li style="text-align: justify; ">CIS and University of Munich, Germany are co-organizing an event<a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/events/internet-speech-perspectives-on-regulation-and-policy"> 'Internet Speech: Perspectives on Regulation and Policy' </a>at India Habitat Centre on April 5, 2019.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; ">Akriti Bopanna on behalf of CIS <a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/akriti-bopanna-february-8-2019-comment-on-icann-draft-fy-20-operating-plan-and-budget">provided comments on the proposed draft of ICANN’s FY20 Operating Plan and Budget</a> along with their Five-Year Operating Plan Update. </li>
<li style="text-align: justify; ">Harsh Bajpai, Ambika Tandon, and Amber Sinha have co-authored a case study '<a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/future-of-work-in-automotive-sector.pdf">The Future of Work in the Automotive Sector in India</a>'. The case study highlights the impact of technologies such as artificial intelligence, industry 4.0, internet of things, and so on at industry workplace. The case study was edited by Rakhi Sehgal. Manav Mehta provided research assistance.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify; ">In a response to the <a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/response-to-the-draft-of-the-information-technology-intermediary-guidelines-amendment-rules-2018">Draft of The Information Technology [Intermediary Guidelines (Amendment) Rules] 2018</a>, CIS examined whether the draft rules meet tests of constitutionality and whether they are consistent with the parent Act. The submission also examined potential harms that may arise from the Rules as they are currently framed and make recommendations to the draft rules that may enable government to meet its objectives while remaining situated within the constitutional ambit. </li>
<li style="text-align: justify; ">A UN high-level panel on Digital Cooperation issued a call for inputs that called for responses to various questions. <a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/cis-submission-to-un-high-level-panel-on-digital-cooperation">CIS responded to the call for inputs</a>. The response was drafted by Aayush Rathi, Ambika Tandon, Arindrajit Basu and Elonnai Hickok. </li>
</ul>
<h3>CIS and the News</h3>
<p>The following news pieces were authored by CIS and published on its website in January:</p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/epw-engage-february-9-2019-data-infrastructures-inequities-why-does-reproductive-health-surveillance-india-need-urgent-attention">Data Infrastructures and Inequities: Why Does Reproductive Health Surveillance in India Need Our Urgent Attention?</a> (Aayush Rathi and Ambika Tandon; EPW Engage , Vol. 54, Issue No. 6, February 9, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/business-standard-february-9-2019-sunil-abraham-intermediary-liability-law-needs-updating">Intermediary liability law needs updating</a> (Sunil Abraham; Business Standard; February 9, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/hindu-businessline-february-19-2019-arindrajit-basu-resurrecting-the-marketplace-of-ideas">Resurrecting the marketplace of ideas</a> (Arindrajit Basu; Hindu Businessline; February 22, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="http://https//cis-india.org/raw/indian-express-nishant-shah-february-24-2019-what-i-learned-from-going-offline-for-48-hours"><span class="external-link">What I learned from going offline for 48 hours</span></a> (Nishant Shah; Indian Express; February 24, 2019).</li>
</ul>
<div></div>
<ul>
</ul>
<h3>CIS in the News</h3>
<p>CIS was quoted in these news articles published elsewhere:</p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/jessica-corbett-common-dreams-february-5-2019-civil-liberties-groups-warn-proposed-eu-terrorist-content-rule-threat-democratic">Civil Liberties Groups Warn Proposed EU 'Terrorist Content' Rule a Threat to Democratic Values</a> (Jessica Corbett; Common Dreams; February 5, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/hindustan-times-february-10-2019-smriti-kak-ramachandran-and-vidhi-choudhary-willing-to-participate-in-parliamentary-panel-hearing">‘Willing to participate, but need more time’: Twitter on parliamentary panel hearing</a> (Smriti Kak Ramachandran and Vidhi Choudhary; February 10, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/livemint-abhijit-ahaskar-february-12-2019-what-the-governments-draft-it-intermediary-guidelines-say">What the government's draft IT intermediary guidelines say</a> (Abhijit Ahaskar; Livemint; February 12, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/economic-times-nilanjana-bhowmick-february-13-2019-make-our-digital-backyard-safe">Make our digital backyard safe</a> (Nilanjana Bhowmick; Economic Times; February 13, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/zack-whittaker-natasha-lomas-february-15-2019-tech-crunch-even-years-later-twitter-doesnt-delete-your-direct-messages">Even years later, Twitter doesn't delete your direct messages</a> (Zack Whittaker and Natasha Lomas; Tech Crunch; February 15, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/economic-times-february-20-2019-are-rss-fears-about-tik-tok-true">Are RSS's fears about Tik Tok true? Here's what you should know</a> (Economic TimZack Whittaker and Natasha Lomases; February 20, 2019). Also published in Moneycontrol News on the same day.</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/gulf-times-february-24-2019-dr-r-seetharaman-risk-integration-is-key-to-better-cybersecurity-management">Risk integration is key to better cybersecurity management</a> (Dr. R. Seetharaman; Gulf Times; February 24, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/kashmir-watch-february-25-2019-any-failure-to-resolve-the-kashmir-problem-could-lead-the-south-asia-to-a-nuclear-disaster">Any failure to resolve the Kashmir problem could lead the South Asia to a nuclear disaster</a> (Kashmir Watch; February 25, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/times-of-india-pti-february-28-2019-over-30-organisations-industry-bodies-oppose-proposal-to-ban-vape-content">Over 30 organisations, industry bodies oppose proposal to ban vape content</a> (Times of India; February 28, 2019).<br />.</li>
</ul>
<div></div>
<ul>
</ul>
<div></div>
<h2><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k">Access to Knowledge</a></h2>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Our Access to Knowledge programme currently consists of two projects. The Pervasive Technologies project, conducted under a grant from the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), aims to conduct research on the complex interplay between low-cost pervasive technologies and intellectual property, in order to encourage the proliferation and development of such technologies as a social good. The Wikipedia project, which is under a grant from the Wikimedia Foundation, is for the growth of Indic language communities and projects by designing community collaborations and partnerships that recruit and cultivate new editors and explore innovative approaches to building projects.</p>
<h3 style="text-align: justify; ">Wikipdedia</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">As part of the <a href="http://cis-india.org/a2k/access-to-knowledge-program-plan">project grant from the Wikimedia Foundation</a> we have reached out to more than 3500 people across India by organizing more than 100 outreach events and catalysed the release of encyclopaedic and other content under the Creative Commons (CC-BY-3.0) license in four Indian languages (21 books in Telugu, 13 in Odia, 4 volumes of encyclopaedia in Konkani and 6 volumes in Kannada, and 1 book on Odia language history in English).</p>
<p><b>Blog Entries</b></p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/marathi-wikipedia-workshop-1lib1ref-session-at-goa-university">Marathi Wikipedia Workshop & 1lib1ref session at Goa University</a> (Subodh Kulkarni; February 1, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/marathi-language-fortnight-workshops-2019">Marathi Language Fortnight Workshops 2019</a> (Subodh Kulkarni February 26, 2019).</li>
</ul>
<div></div>
<p><b>Media Coverage</b></p>
<div>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/a2k/news/times-of-india-february-20-2019-goa-university-students-update-goa-marathi-articles-on-wikipedia">Goa University students update ‘Goa’ Marathi articles on Wikipedia</a> (Times of India; February 20, 2019).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance">Internet Governance</a></h2>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">As part of its research on privacy and free speech, CIS is engaged with two different projects. The first one (under a grant from Privacy International and IDRC) is on surveillance and freedom of expression (SAFEGUARDS). The second one (under a grant from MacArthur Foundation) is on restrictions that the Indian government has placed on freedom of expression online.</p>
<h3 style="text-align: justify; ">Cyber Security</h3>
<p><b>Submission</b></p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/vipul-kharbanda-february-25-2019-comments-on-draft-second-protocol-to-convention-on-cybercrime-budapest-convention">Comments on the Draft Second Protocol to the Convention on Cybercrime (Budapest Convention)</a> (Vipul Kharbanda; February 25, 2019).</li>
</ul>
<div>
<ul>
</ul>
<h3>Privacy</h3>
<p><b>Submissions</b></p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/cis-submission-to-un-high-level-panel-on-digital-cooperation">CIS Submission to UN High Level Panel on Digital Cooperation</a> (Aayush Rathi, Ambika Tandon, Arindrajit Basu and Elonnai Hickok; February 7, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/cis-submission-to-the-un-special-rapporteur-on-freedom-of-speech-and-expression-surveillance-industry-and-human-rights">CIS Submission to the UN Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Speech and Expression: Surveillance Industry and Human Rights</a> (Elonnai Hickok, Arindrajit Basu, Gurshabad Grover, Akriti Bopanna, Shweta Mohandas and Martyna Kalvaityte; February 20, 2019). </li>
</ul>
<div><b>Participation in Event</b></div>
<div>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/participation-in-the-meeting-of-bis-litd-17">BIS LITD 17</a> (Organized by the Bureau of Indian Standards; February 26, 2019). Gurshabad Grover participated in the meeting conducted online.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<ul>
</ul>
<h3>Gender</h3>
<p><b>Workshop Organized</b></p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/unbox-2019-festival">Unbox Festival 2019: CIS organizes two Workshops</a> (Organized by CIS; Bangalore; February 15 - 17, 2019). CIS organized two workshops on What is your Feminist Infrastructure Wishlist? and AI for Good.</li>
</ul>
<div><b>Participation in Events</b></div>
<div>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/imagine-a-feminist-internet-research-practice-and-policy-in-south-asia">Imagine a Feminist Internet: Research, Practice and Policy in South Asi</a>a (Organized by Internet Democracy Project and Point of View; Sri Lanka; February 21 - 22, 2019). Ambika Tandon was a speaker and presented a paper 'Framing Reproductive Health as a Data Problem? Unpacking ‘Dataveillance’ in India' which was co-authored by herself and Aayush Rathi. </li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/firn-convening-design">Feminist Internet Research Network (FIRN) Convening Design</a> (Organized by Association for Progressive Communications; Malaysia; February 27 - March 1, 2019). Ambika Tandon attended the event.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<h3>Free Speech and Expression</h3>
<p><b>Submissions</b></p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/response-to-the-draft-of-the-information-technology-intermediary-guidelines-amendment-rules-2018">Response to the Draft of The Information Technology [Intermediary Guidelines (Amendment) Rules] 2018</a> (Gurshabad Grover, Elonnai Hickok, Arindrajit Basu and Akriti Bopanna; February 7, 2019).</li>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/akriti-bopanna-february-8-2019-comment-on-icann-draft-fy-20-operating-plan-and-budget">CIS Comment on ICANN's Draft FY20 Operating Plan and Budget</a> (Akriti Bopanna; February 12, 2019).</li>
</ul>
<div><b>Upcoming Event</b></div>
<div>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/events/internet-speech-perspectives-on-regulation-and-policy">Internet Speech: Perspectives on Regulation and Policy</a> (Organized by CIS and the University of Munich (LMU), Germany; India Habitat Centre, New Delhi; April 5, 2019).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div><b>Participation in Event</b></div>
<div>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/webinar-on-counter-comments-to-the-draft-intermediary-guidelines">Webinar on counter-comments to the draft Intermediary Guidelines</a> (Organized by CCAOI and the ISOC Delhi Chapter; February 11, 2019). Gurshabad Grover attended the event.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div></div>
<h3>Artificial Intelligence</h3>
<p><b>Case Study</b></p>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/blog/harsh-bajpai-ambika-tandon-and-amber-sinha-february-8-2018-the-future-of-work-in-automotive-sector-in-india">The Future of Work in the Automotive Sector in India</a> (Harsh Bajpai, Ambika Tandon and Amber Sinha; February 8, 2019). Case study was edited by Rakhi Sehgal.</li>
</ul>
<div></div>
<div><b>Participation in Event</b></div>
<div>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/internet-governance/news/2019-international-asia-conference">2019 International Asia Conference </a>(Organized by ITECHLAW; Bangalore; January 31 - February 1, 2019). Sunil Abraham was a panelist in the session "Policy Making for the Emerging Tech in India". </li>
</ul>
</div>
<ul>
</ul>
<div></div>
<ul>
</ul>
</div>
<div></div>
<h2><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/raw">Researchers at Work (RAW)</a></h2>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The Researchers at Work (RAW) programme is an interdisciplinary research initiative driven by an emerging need to understand the reconfigurations of social practices and structures through the Internet and digital media technologies, and vice versa. It aims to produce local and contextual accounts of interactions, negotiations, and resolutions between the Internet, and socio-material and geo-political processes:</p>
<h3 style="text-align: justify; ">Research Paper</h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="external-link" href="https://cis-india.org/raw/media-infrastructures-digital-practices-north-east-of-india-presentation">Media Infrastructures and Digital Practices: Case Studies from the North East of India</a> (Khetrimayum Monish Singh; February 5, 2019).</li>
</ul>
<ul>
</ul>
<hr />
<h2><a class="external-link" href="http://cis-india.org/">About CIS</a></h2>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The Centre for Internet and Society (CIS) is a non-profit organisation that undertakes interdisciplinary research on internet and digital technologies from policy and academic perspectives. The areas of focus include digital accessibility for persons with disabilities, access to knowledge, intellectual property rights, openness (including open data, free and open source software, open standards, open access, open educational resources, and open video), internet governance, telecommunication reform, digital privacy, and cyber-security. The academic research at CIS seeks to understand the reconfigurations of social and cultural processes and structures as mediated through the internet and digital media technologies.</p>
<p>► Follow us elsewhere</p>
<div>
<ul>
<li>Twitter:<a href="http://twitter.com/cis_india"> http://twitter.com/cis_india</a></li>
<li>Twitter - Access to Knowledge: <a href="https://twitter.com/CISA2K">https://twitter.com/CISA2K</a></li>
<li>Twitter - Information Policy: <a href="https://twitter.com/CIS_InfoPolicy">https://twitter.com/CIS_InfoPolicy</a></li>
<li>Facebook - Access to Knowledge:<a href="https://www.facebook.com/cisa2k"> https://www.facebook.com/cisa2k</a></li>
<li>E-Mail - Access to Knowledge: <a>a2k@cis-india.org</a></li>
<li>E-Mail - Researchers at Work: <a>raw@cis-india.org</a></li>
<li>List - Researchers at Work: <a href="https://lists.ghserv.net/mailman/listinfo/researchers">https://lists.ghserv.net/mailman/listinfo/researchers</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>► Support Us</p>
<div>Please help us defend consumer and citizen rights on the Internet! Write a cheque in favour of 'The Centre for Internet and Society' and mail it to us at No. 194, 2nd 'C' Cross, Domlur, 2nd Stage, Bengaluru - 5600 71.</div>
<p>► Request for Collaboration</p>
<div>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">We invite researchers, practitioners, artists, and theoreticians, both organisationally and as individuals, to engage with us on topics related internet and society, and improve our collective understanding of this field. To discuss such possibilities, please write to Sunil Abraham, Executive Director, at sunil@cis-india.org (for policy research), or Sumandro Chattapadhyay, Research Director, at sumandro@cis-india.org (for academic research), with an indication of the form and the content of the collaboration you might be interested in. To discuss collaborations on Indic language Wikipedia projects, write to Tanveer Hasan, Programme Officer, at <a>tanveer@cis-india.org</a>.</p>
<div style="text-align: justify; "><i>CIS is grateful to its primary donor the Kusuma Trust founded by Anurag Dikshit and Soma Pujari, philanthropists of Indian origin for its core funding and support for most of its projects. CIS is also grateful to its other donors, Wikimedia Foundation, Ford Foundation, Privacy International, UK, Hans Foundation, MacArthur Foundation, and IDRC for funding its various projects</i>.</div>
</div>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/about/newsletters/february-2019-newsletter'>http://editors.cis-india.org/about/newsletters/february-2019-newsletter</a>
</p>
No publisherAdminInternet GovernanceAccess to Knowledge2019-03-14T16:40:12ZPageMarathi Language Fortnight Workshops 2019
http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/marathi-language-fortnight-workshops-2019
<b>Maharashtra is a state which is rich in diversity in terms of language and culture seen in its various regions such as Konkan, Marathwada, Western Maharashtra, Northern Maharashtra and Vidarbha. Awareness needs to be created to make Wikimedia movement inclusive and diverse in these geographical regions as well as in their social strata. </b>
<h3>Collaboration for organizing events</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The Centre for Internet & Society’s Access to Knowledge wing (CIS-A2K) launched the concept of organizing state-wide workshops to spread awareness and train editors in the nitty-gritties of Wikipedia editing and creating digital content. The campaign is now regularly conducted by Rajya Marathi Vikas Sanstha (RMVS), the language department of Maharashtra government with support from CIS-A2K and various institutions.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">These events were conducted during the Marathi language fortnight (1 – 15 January 2019) upto Marathi Language Day on 27 February 2019. The objectives of the event such as creating awareness about digital knowledge in Marathi, open knowledge resources and Wikimedia projects; explaining the history of Wiki movement; training participants in basic editing skills in Wikipedia; exploring ways to find reliable references; presenting article structure, were broadly covered in the sessions. Trainers also explained participants on copyright, community guidelines, uploading images, and so on.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><span style="text-align: justify; ">CIS-A2K had collaborated with the state language department from 2017 onwards. In the first series of workshops, three events were conducted. In the second series in 2018 six workshops out of a total 17 workshops were conducted across the state. In the year 2019, the awareness spread to more educational institutions located in different regions of the state. In the third series, CIS-A2K conducted five workshops out of total 21 workshops conducted. CIS facilitated the process and supported some workshops remotely.</span></p>
<h3><span>The Workshops</span></h3>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><img src="http://editors.cis-india.org/home-images/SangliWorkshop.png/@@images/ac8d36b2-0bb1-483c-917b-09b99f4dc5cb.png" alt="Sangli workshop" class="image-left" title="Sangli workshop" /></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><span>The first workshop was conducted at Chintamanrao College of Commerce at Sangli. The awareness session about open knowledge sources and Wikimedia projects was organized for students and faculty in the beginning of workshop. After this one hour session, actual skill training in Wikipedia editing was done for three hours for 24 participants. They created the account and learnt the editing and image upload on Commons. The practice was done in sandboxes before working in main namespace. The students of pre-university course and graduate course attended the workshop. The commerce and management related articles were edited.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><span><img src="http://editors.cis-india.org/home-images/KolhapurWorkshop.png/@@images/e0343faf-e757-452b-bc12-ae44cbbfd087.png" alt="Kolhapur workshop" class="image-right" title="Kolhapur workshop" /><br />The second workshop was conducted at Shivaji University, Kolhapur. The Marathi language department took the initiative to organize this workshop for the second consecutive year. The participants were selected from 4 colleges affiliated to university. The faculty was also actively involved. The introductory session was attended by 50 students. The editing training of three hours was conducted in computer lab, in which 24 new users participated. The editors practiced the manual of style, providing links and references, etc. on their sandboxes before working on the main namespace articles. The editors mostly worked on locally relevant topics.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><span><img src="http://editors.cis-india.org/home-images/DayanandCollegeWorkshop.png/@@images/5aec339d-eed9-4cfe-98dd-8b47a0a2cd8a.png" alt="Dayanand college workshop" class="image-left" title="Dayanand college workshop" /><br /><br />The third workshop was conducted in Dayanand College at Solapur. This institution organized this event for the second consecutive year. The thematic discussion on history of Solapur was facilitated by a senior editor of Sakal newspaper. The plan for documentation of local festival - </span><i>Gadda Yatra</i><span> and history of Solapur was discussed. It is proposed to start this activity with thematic workshop. Total 15 new and old users participated in the workshop.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><img src="http://editors.cis-india.org/home-images/SolapurWorkshop.png/@@images/0bcdf350-1af5-43a8-8e2a-ac7eebc4678c.png" alt="" class="image-right" title="" /></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "><span style="text-align: justify; "><br />The fourth workshop was conducted at Mass Communication & Journalism department of Solapur University. The faculty of this department took the initiative to organize this event for the second time. Total 25 new and old users participated in the workshop. The participants edited the articles related to journalism and also uploaded the images on Commons. Some editors completed the task of adding references to articles. After the meeting with the faculty, group of post graduate students were assigned 50 articles about reputed Marathi newspapers. They will complete this task as part of their online academic submissions.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify; "> </p>
<p style="text-align: center; "><img src="http://editors.cis-india.org/home-images/KaranjaLad.png/@@images/c87be0c1-110b-41f1-a21b-28c4df9cd0ab.png" alt="Karanja Lad" class="image-inline" title="Karanja Lad" /></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The fifth wokshop was conducted at SSSKR Innani College at Karanja Lad in district Washim. This was the first Wikipedia programme in this region of the state. As it was the first Wiki event, we decided to organise a two day workshop. The management and faculty participated actively in this workshop. In the workshop, references and images were added to existing articles about local heritage, tourist places and personalities. The images were uploaded to newly created categories - Karanja Lad and SSSKR Innani College on Commons. Over 100 members participated in this two day event, while 45 users edited actively on Wikimedia projects.</p>
<h3 style="text-align: justify; ">Follow-up</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">After the workshop, quarterly refresher sessions are planned in these institutions. The active students' WhatsApp groups will be formed for support and online training sessions. This cadre of Wiki Guides would facilitate the programs for other students. The meeting with faculty and board of studies would be held for integration of Wikimedia activities with the academic assignments.</p>
<hr />
<p>More info check out the <a class="external-link" href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CIS-A2K/Events/Marathi_Language_Fortnight_Workshops_(2019)">Meta report</a>.</p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/marathi-language-fortnight-workshops-2019'>http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/marathi-language-fortnight-workshops-2019</a>
</p>
No publishersubodhOpennessFeaturedMarathi WikipediaAccess to Knowledge2019-03-01T00:39:33ZBlog EntryGoa University students update ‘Goa’ Marathi articles on Wikipedia
http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/news/times-of-india-february-20-2019-goa-university-students-update-goa-marathi-articles-on-wikipedia
<b>Faculty and students of Goa University’s Marathi department have updated 164 Marathi articles on Wikipedia related to Goa recently.</b>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The article was published in the <a class="external-link" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/gu-students-update-goa-marathi-articles-on-wiki/articleshowprint/68071126.cms">Times of India</a> on February 20, 2019.</p>
<hr />
<p style="text-align: justify; ">They have also added information related to the state focused on freedom fighters, Marathi literature and cultural heritage, tourism, biodiversity and the environment.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The two-day effort was carried out under the supervision of Subodh Kulkarni from the Centre for Internet and Society, the Indian partner of the Wikimedia Foundation.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The history of Goan villages collected by students was uploaded on Wikipedia in Marathi Devanagari Unicode. They also participated in #1Lib1Ref campaign supported by Wikipedia Library and uploaded new articles and 25 photos.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Other than editing the 164 Marathi articles, the faculty and students also edited reference for articles on Wikipedia and contributed to important facts about Goa.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Kulkarni served as the resource person for the session, while director of digital learning and initiative at Goa University Prof Ramrao Wagh, head of department of Hindi Vrushali Mandrekar; librarian at GU library Gopakumar, head of department of Marathi Sunita Umraskar, and coordinator of the workshop Vinay Madgaonkar, oversaw the effort.</p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/news/times-of-india-february-20-2019-goa-university-students-update-goa-marathi-articles-on-wikipedia'>http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/news/times-of-india-february-20-2019-goa-university-students-update-goa-marathi-articles-on-wikipedia</a>
</p>
No publisherAdminCIS-A2KAccess to KnowledgeWikimediaWikipediaOpenness2019-02-22T02:27:14ZNews ItemMini MediaWiki Training Theni
http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/mini-mediawiki-training-theni
<b>CIS-A2k is trying to strengthen the MediaWiki movement in India, and over the last six months, the team has collaborated with different Indian Wikimedians and started a project called Indic-TechCom.</b>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">Indic-TechCom provides technical support to the Indic Wikimedia community and as of now has supported community members in <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Indic-TechCom/Tools/IndicOCR">Indic OCR</a> and <a href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/indic-wsstats/">Indic Wikisource stats</a>.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">To increase the awareness on MediaWiki, Indic TechCom members and CIS-A2K decided to reach out to students with the Computer science background and help them understand how to contribute on MediaWiki. As a pilot project, we reached out to Nadar Saraswathi College of Engineering and Technology and organised a two-day long Mini MediaWiki training for the students on 22nd and 23rd of January 2019.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">As part of the training, On Day 1, students were explained about MediaWiki and were introduced to Git, GitHub, Phabricator and Gerrit. We helped them to install MediaWiki software on their system and also helped them to understand the structure of MediaWiki.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">In the second day, students were introduced to the extensions and skins, understanding the structure of extension and special pages. We also taught them how to submit patches through Gerrit.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">This training had a group of 20 students and 2 faculty members who were supporting the students and guiding them in their native language. The first day of the event started slowly as students were lacking in having the knowledge of Wikimedia and its structure. After setting up the relation of the Wikimedia platform the students were able to understand the use and benefits of MediaWiki. Then the installation of MediaWiki and hosting of own MediaWiki server was done. Seven students were successfully able to install and play with Localsettings.php to get the grip of their sites.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">At the end of the sessions, two[1][2] students were able to submit the patch to Gerrit and it was approved by Volker_E (Sr. User Experience Engineer, Wikimedia Foundation).</p>
<hr style="text-align: justify; " />
<p style="text-align: justify; ">[1]. <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214470">https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214470</a></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">[2]. <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214468">https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214468</a></p>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/mini-mediawiki-training-theni'>http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/mini-mediawiki-training-theni</a>
</p>
No publisherAnanthWikimediaCIS-A2KWikipediaAccess to Knowledge2019-02-13T02:34:40ZBlog EntrySupporting Indian Community 2018: Needs Assessment
http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/supporting-indian-community-2018-needs-assessment
<b>The Wikimedia Foundation and Google worked in close coordination with the Centre for Internet and Society (CIS), Wikimedia India chapter (WMIN) and user groups will pilot a program encouraging Wikipedia communities to create locally relevant and high-quality content in Indian languages.
Here is the needs-assessment report.</b>
<div align="center"><iframe src="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vSxRV2oPrNfLc2bGHPu4UgqJKOFlEhFlwtFhc9Eaq9cw7DvYEPJXlQTPI6MpjqyucYlA36GQSqk7O-3/pub?embedded=true" height="1020" width="700"></iframe></div>
<p>
For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/supporting-indian-community-2018-needs-assessment'>http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/supporting-indian-community-2018-needs-assessment</a>
</p>
No publishertitoAccess to Knowledge2019-02-06T21:46:14ZBlog EntryMarathi Wikipedia Workshop & 1lib1ref session at Goa University
http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/marathi-wikipedia-workshop-1lib1ref-session-at-goa-university
<b>Marathi language department of Goa University has initiated the process to document the culture of Goa on Marathi Wikipedia and Commons.</b>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">As this was the first exposure to Wikimedia projects, a two day extensive training workshop was planned. In the same event, a three hour session in library as part of 1lib1ref session was also conducted. CIS-A2K has partnered Goa University for conducting the event which attracted a footfall of 36 participants.</p>
<h3>Primary objectives</h3>
<p>The following objectives were broadly covered in the sessions held at Goa University campus on 31 January and 1 February 2019:</p>
<ul>
<li>Awareness about digital knowledge in Marathi, Open knowledge resources and Wikimedia projects.</li>
<li>Explain participants the history of Wiki movement and the pillars of Wikipedia.</li>
<li>Train the participants in basic editing skills in Wikipedia.</li>
<li>Explore the ways to find reliable and verifiable references.</li>
<li>Present the article structure, manual of style, and categorization.</li>
<li>Explain copyright, Commons guidelines and uploading images on Wikipedia.</li>
<li>Discuss follow-up plan and integration with academic activities.</li>
<li>Add reliable references as part of 1lib1ref session in library.</li>
</ul>
<h3>The Workshop</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The practice of Marathi typing in Unicode was carried out through preparing articles as Word document. The students selected the articles on history of Goa, writers and artists of Goa, tourism in Goa and villages in Goa. Participants learnt basic editing skills, adding references and uploading on Commons. They worked first in sandboxes on their new articles. The content addition is in progress. The verified content would be moved to main namespace under the guidance of experienced editors.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The concept of 1lib1ref campaign was shared with Chief Librarian of Goa University. The response was very positive. As a result, in the last two sessions of the workshop on 1 February, the participants added references to the articles. The session was conducted in the library. The library staff and faculty facilitated the process.</p>
<h3 style="text-align: justify; ">Follow-up</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify; ">The editors are preparing the articles in sandboxes and offline also. It is proposed to conduct another iteration to verify and publish this content in main namespace. The students are also taking the images of issues related to Goan culture. The exclusive session on Commons is also proposed. The librarian has suggested making separate rack of reference books related to Goa culture and heritage for utility. This idea will be explored in the next 1lib1ref iteration in May-June 2019.</p>
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<p>For more info see the <a class="external-link" href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CIS-A2K/Events/Marathi_Wikipedia_Workshop_%26_1lib1ref_session_at_Goa_University">Meta report</a></p>
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For more details visit <a href='http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/marathi-wikipedia-workshop-1lib1ref-session-at-goa-university'>http://editors.cis-india.org/a2k/blogs/marathi-wikipedia-workshop-1lib1ref-session-at-goa-university</a>
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No publishersubodhMarathi WikipediaCIS-A2KAccess to Knowledge2019-03-01T00:35:44ZBlog Entry